
·40·
2016 Vol.35 No.7 Serial No.293
China Brewing
苹果醋优势醋酸菌株的诱变选育
宋娟,胡生海,李明泽,张红*
(甘肃省农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所甘肃兰州730070)
Research Report
摘要:以酒精含量为7%vol的苹果酒发醇酵醒波为别化介质,对引进的酷酸杆菌20056进行化与诱变选育。采用紫外诱变的方法,验、定性实验等验证,结果表明经过初步筛选的UV-3、UV-6、UV-11三株正突变菌株,产酸总量分别和诱变前的原菌株相比分别提高了20.45%、23.73%、24.61%,乙醇脱氢酶活性的峰值分别是原菌株的2.7、3.5、3.7倍。紫外诱变有效的提高了率果酒发酵酸液中的酒精
转化力,为优势醋酸菌的选育提供了简便、有效的育种手段关键词:苹果醋:醋酸菌:删化:诱变选育
中图分类号:TS264.2
文章编号:02545071(2016)07-004005
doi:10.11882/j.issn.02545071.2016.07.009
Mutation breeding of predominant Acetobacter pasteurianus in apple vinegar production
SONG Juan, HU Shenghai, LI Mingze, ZHANG Jihong*
(Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institurte, Gansu Academy of Agricultura/ Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China)
Abstract: Using cider wine fermentation mash containing 7% vol alcohol as domestication medium, the introduced strain Acetobacfer pasteurianus 20056 was domesticated and the mutant strain was screened. By UV mutagenesis, results showed that the optimal mutagenesis condition was muta-tion time 40 s, mutation distance 40 cm and cell dulition 10-, Under the conditions, the cell lethality reached 82.15%. Fifteen mutant strains were pre-liminarily screened, through UV mutation effect, acid production experiment, and qualitative experiment, three positive mutant strains UV-3, UV-6 and UV-11 were screened. Compared with the original strain, the acid production of the mutant strain improved 20.45%, 23.73%, 24.61%, respec-tively. The peak ADH enzyme activity was 2.7, 3.5, 3.7 times of the original strain. Results showed that UV mutation improved alcohol conversion
ability of the cider wine fermentation mash effectively, and it provided a simple and efficient breeding method. Key words: apple vinegar; acetic acid bacteria; domestication; mutation breeding
近年来,随者人们生活水平的提高,果醋及果醋饮料
越来越受到消费者的青滕。草果醋是一种成本较低、营养价值高、风味优良的酸性调味品和饮料保健品!,特别具有抗真菌特性,改善口腔炎症因,预防高血脂症因、抑制双糖酶活动、延缓胃排空、增加饱腹感图、减轻糖尿病、控制体质量函等功效。目前果醋主要的生产方法是液态深层发酵法,此法对醋酸活力要求较高,目前生产上使用较多的有食醋醋曲、恶臭醋杆菌(Acetobacterrancens)、巴氏醋酸菌(Acetobacterpasteurianus)、巴氏亚种(沪酿1.01))等,但这些菌株普遍存在易退化、活性低、产酸率低及产品风味不佳等问题(9。优良醋酸菌株具有产酸率高、发酵能力强、稳定性好等特点,通过检测乙醇脱氢酶(alcoholdehy-drogenase,ADH活性指标,不但可以感知菌株的发酵能力和产酸速率,而且能够实时监控产品的品质和风味。通常采用传统的别化、诱变育种、杂交育种和现代的原生质体融合技术,以及基因工程育种等选育手段,而别化、诱
收稿日期:2016-01-29
变育种是最普遍、最经济实用的育种手段"。虽然人们对利用遗传学方法获得优良菌株有极大的兴趣,但生产中获得的工业菌株并不多。本实验在引进菌株别化研究基础上进一步开展诱变研究,采用紫外诱变方法从诱变时间、诱变距离、菌液稀释浓度等影响因素的选择到诱变菌株的初筛、复筛及产酸性能、乙醇脱氢酶活性等实验,为优势醋酸菌的选育提供了简便、有效的育种途径
1材料与方法 1.1材料与试剂 1.1.1菌株
醋酸菌CICC20056:中国微生物菌种保藏中心。 1.1.2培养基
基础培养基:葡萄糖1%,酵母膏1%,无水乙醇3%·pH 4.5。
分离培养基:基础培养基加入琼脂2%,碳酸钙2%,无水乙醇3%。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(31460449):甘肃省农牧厅生物技术专项(GNSW-2013-31))作者简介:宋娟(1988-),女,研究实习员,硕士,研究方间为食品发醇
通讯作者:张案红(1977—),女,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为果蔬加工,E-nai1:zhangjihong962e163.co
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