炼油与化工
REFINING AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
废润滑油加氢改质催化剂的制备与性能评价
柳云票，刘警，陈兼巨“，张贤明
(1.重庆工商大学废油资源化技术与装备教育部工程技术中心.重庆400067；2中国石油大学(华东)重质油国家重点实验室，山东青岛 266580)
摘要：以Ni、Mo为活性金属，大孔氧化铝和不同含量的USY分子筛作为载体制备出了4种催化剂。利用全自动比表面积测定仪和P-R分别表征了催化剂的孔道结构和表面酸类型及强度，并在温度360℃、压力10MPa，体积空速0.75h-和氢油体积比800:1条件下，利用固定床反应器对催化剂的加氢改质性能进行了评价。结果表明，随着USY分子筛含量的增加，催化剂的比表面积增大、酸性增强、孔容和平均孔半径减小。相比原料油，加氢改质所得产物基础油留分理化性质得到明显改善，但随着USY分子筛含量的增加，基确油收率和粘度降低，倾
点回升.因此适合用于废润滑油加氢改质的催化剂为U-2。关键词：USY分子筛；加氢改质；理化性质
中图分类号：TE966
文献标识码：A
文章编号：16714962(2017)03000403
Preparationandperformanceevaluationofhydro-upgradingcatalyst
Liu Yungi'-, Liu Yior', Chen Yanju, Zhang Xianming
(1.Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education , Chongqing Technology and Business University , Chongqing 400067, China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China)
Abstract: Four kinds of catalysts were prepared by using Ni, Mo as active metal, macroporous alumina and different content of USY molecular sieve as carrier.The pore structure and surface acid type and strength of the catalyst were characterized by automatic surface area analyzer and PyIR. Then the hydroupgrading performance were evaluated in a fixed bed reactor under the condition of temperature 360 °C, pressure10 MPa, volume space velocity 0.75 h-' and volume ratio of hydrogen to oil 800:1. The results demonstrated thatthe specific surface area of the catalyst was increased and the acidity was enhanced, the pore volume and the average pore radius were decreased. The physical and chemical properties of the base oil improved obviously compared with the raw oil,but the pour point rose, base oil yield and viscosity declined with the increase of the content of USY molecular sieves, So the U-2catalyst is the most suitable for the hydrogenation of the waste lubricant oil
Keywords :USY molecular sieve; Hydroupgrading; Physical and chemical properties
加氢再生废润滑油的关键是高效的预处理技
术和加氢催化剂的研究，自前比较成裂的预处理工艺是减压蒸馏，加氢催化剂采用类似蜡油加氢、润滑油加氢处理或补充加氢精制的催化剂。但是由于废润滑油尤其是车用润滑油往往是由多级润滑油基础油和含金属的添加剂调和而成，在收集过程中还有可能混合成酯、聚醛等合成润滑油和含有氯代烃的齿轮油以及汽柴油等组分。导致使用这些加氢催化剂得到的产品的颠色、低温性能和有机硫氮等杂原子的脱除率往往不能满足清洁柴油或基础油的质量要求，急需开发适用于废润滑油加氢的催化剂
万方数据
考虑到废润滑油加氢要兼顾硫、氮、氯等杂原
子的脱除和芳经加氢饱和，并且杂质较多，因此催化剂的活性组分选择Ni-Mo和Ni-W最为合适，对于固定床加氢要求催化剂具有一定的机械强度和孔隙率，因此适于选择大孔氧化铝作为载体。冯全等[?研制的FDS-1废润滑油加氢催化剂，就是以Ni-Mo为活性组分，-AlO;为载体,取得了较好的加氢效果。罗继刚等"研制的废润滑油全加氢型再生催化剂，其活性组分为Ni-W，负载量为 32%~46%，载体同样为氧化铝，具有很强的S、N、0 脱除能力和非理想组分加氢饱和能力(4)。此外废润滑油中含有较多的添加剂，一定量的沥青质和