第45卷第4期
石油与天然气化工
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF OIL & GAS
一种乳液型钻井液润滑剂的制备及性能评价
张文杜昱熹孔凡波西南石油大学化学化工学院
摘要以多胺、棉籽油、低碳酸为原料合成植物油酰胺，最佳合成条件为：多胺、棉籽油和低碳酸的摩尔比为1：4：1，反应温度168℃反应2.5h：以合成产物植物油酰胺为主要原料.Na0H中和油酸生成油酸钠做乳化剂,硅膏、煤油和CMC-HV做添加剂，实验制备出O/W乳液型钻井液润滑剂，其配比为：8%（w)植物油酰胺十10%（w）油酸十18%（w)煤油十2.5%（w）硅膏十7.14%（w)Na0H水溶液（质量分数为20%)十0.1%（w)CMC-HV十水。性能评价表明，该润滑剂具有优越的润滑性能，用量在0.5%（w)时，钻并液润滑系数降低率≥80%，且不影响钻井液的流变性和密度。经170℃高温老化，在15%（w)盐水钻井液中，钻并液润滑系数低于0.10，表明该润滑剂具有良好的耐温抗盐性能。
关键词植物油酰胺乳液钻井液润滑剂润滑系数中图分类号：TE254+.3
文献标志码：AD0I：10.3969/i.issn.1007-3426.2016.04.016
Preparation and evaluation of anemulsion-typedrillinglubricant
ZhangWen,DuYuxi,KongFanbo
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering + Southwest Petroleum Unirersity , Chengdu 610500, China) Abstract : Polyamine, cottonseed oil and low carbonate are taken as raw material to synthesize the
vegetable oil amide. The optimum synthesis conditions are : the molar ratio of the polyamine cottonseed oil and low carbonate is 1 : 4 : 1, the reaction temperature is 168 C, the reaction time is 2.5 hours ; Using amide synthesis products as the main raw material , NaOH and oleic acid generated sodium oleate as emulsifier, using silicone paste,kerosene and CMC-HV as additive, O/W emulsion drilling fluid lubricant was prepared by the agent-in-oil method, and the optimal proportions are as follows:vegetable oil amide sample 8 wt% +oleic acid 10 wt% +kerosene 18 wt% +silicon cream 2.5wt%+NaOH 7.14wt%(NaOH solution concentration is 20wt%)+ CMC-HV O.1wt%+ water. The performance evaluation shows that the lubricant has superior lubricating properties and the decreasing rate of drilling fluid lubrication coefficient is not lower than 80% when the amount of lubricants is O .5 wt% , and drilling fluid rheological behavior and density are not affected . The drilling fluid lubrication coefficient is lower than O.lO after being high temperature aging at 170 C and put in 15 wt% saline mud. The lubricant shows a good performance of temperature and salt resistance .
Key words : vegetable oil amide, emulsion , drilling fluid lubricant , lubrication coefficient
在石油钻探过程中，钻柱与套管之间、钻具与井
壁之间会产生摩擦，长时间的摩擦会加速钻杆、钻具等器械的损耗，不仅影响了钻井速度而且大大增加了钻并成本，基至造成井下复杂情况1-2]。向钻井液中加入适当的润滑剂，可有效地降低钻并过程中的摩擦阻力，减少能耗及钻具的磨损，提高钻并效率。
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目前，国内外对油溶性润滑剂的研究比较深人，但存在环境安全问题。油基钻井液存在难以反复使用等问题4]水基润滑剂因环保性好等优点受到人们的重视[510].但存在着需要随时补充，用量大，成本较高等问题；乳液润滑剂是近几年来发展起来的一种润滑剂[11]，因其润滑性好、环保性也好而受到重视。本实
作者简介张文(1965一），高级工程师，现就职于西南石油大学，主要从事钻井液方面的研究。E-mail：792633167@q-com