植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(4)：1037-1040 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
氮素形态对巨峰葡萄果实品质的影响
杨阳，钟晓敏，闫志刚，翟衡”
（山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院，作物生物学国家重点实验室，山东泰安271018）
摘要：为了探讨氮素形态对巨峰葡萄果实品质性状的影响，设置了尿素T1（酰胺态）、全硝T2（硝铵比为100/0）、混（000 叶面喷施试验。结果表明，不同处理均提高了果实的营养品质，喷尿素的总糖量、糖酸比最大，其次是混合氮处理全铵处理最小；果实的Vc含量以混合氮处理较高，全铵处理的最低；果实中花青素的含量顺序为：全硝>尿素> 混合氮>全铵>CK。果实硝酸盐含量从高到低依次为：全硝>混合氮>全铵>尿素>CK；硝态氮促进了果实生长，各处理平均单果重为全硝>混合氮>全铵>尿素>CK。综上结果，尿素及适当的硝态氮配比有利于巨峰葡果实品质的提高。
关键调：氮素形态；巨峰葡费；果实品质
中图分类号：S663.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008-505X(2010)041037-04
Effectsofnitrogenformsonnitrateaccumulationand
quality of“Kyoho”grapefruit
YANG Yang, ZHONG Xiao-min, YAN Zhi-gang, ZHAI Heng
(KeyLaboratory of Crop Biology,College of HorticultureScience and Engineering，
Shandong Agricultural Unitersity, Taian, Shandong 271018, China)
Abstract: In order to explore effects of nitrogen forms on nitrate accumulation and the quality of “ Kyoho" grape fruit(Vitis uinifera × V. labrusca cv. Kyoho), treatments of urea T1(amide-state), nitrate T2(NO, -N/ NH, -N: 100/0), mixed nitrogen T3, T4, T5(NO; -N/ NH,-N=70/30, 50/50,30/70),ammonium nitrogen T6(NO,; -N/ NH,-N =0/100)and water CK were used as foliar spray in three times in the grape growing season. The results show that compared with CK, quality of the fruit is improved under the N foliar spray treatment. The amount of total sugar and sugar acid ratio are the highest under the T1 treatments, the next is the mixed-N treatments, and those of the NH, -N treatment are the lowest. Vc contents of fruit are higher under the mixed-N treatments, of which, the NO; -N/ NH, -N = 50/50 is the highest, NH, -N is the lowest. The sequence of anthocyanin content of fruit is NO, -N > urea >mixed-N > NH, -N > CK, and the nitrate concentration of fruit is in the order of NO, -N > mixed-N > NH, -N > urea > CK, which indicates that NO; -N is beneficial to fruit growth. The average fruit weight for each treatment is NO, -N>mixed-N>NH, -N >urea > CK. To sum up the results, appropriate amounts of nitrate and urea are benefit to the quality of grape.
Key words: nitrogen form; Kyoho grape; fruit quality
硝态氮、铵态氮与尿素（酰胺态氮）是植物可利用的氮素形态，也是生产中常用的氮肥形态。不同氮素形态吸收、利用途径的差异可能导致作物品质
收稿日期：2009-09-15
接受日期：2010-01-04
的不同[1]。植物的遗传种性、生态适应性、土壤环境不同，也决定了植物对氮素形态喜好不同的特点。
果树多为“喜硝"植物，早在1986年Ruhl(?}认
基金项目：“十一五"科技支撑计划(2008BADA4B05)；国家现代蓄费产业体系建设专项资金（nyeytx-30-sp）资助。
作者简介：杨阳（1982一），女，黑龙江齐齐哈尔人，硕士研究生，主要从事葡萄栽培生理研究。E-mail：yangysngsun82@126.com
●通讯作者 Tel; 05388241335,E-mail; hengz@ sdau.edu. cn
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