植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(2)：341-347 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
不同形态氮素对种植大豆土壤中微生物数量
及酶活性的影响
严君12，韩晓增1*，王树起"，李晓慧，朱巍巍1,2（1中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，黑龙江哈尔滨150081；
2东北农业大学农学院，黑龙江哈尔滨150030）
摘要：采用框栽试验方法，研究6种不同形态氮素[生物周氮（NO、硝态氮（N1）、铵态氮（N2）、氮基酸态氮（N3)、蛋白态氮(N4)和酰胺态氮(N5))对种植大豆土壤中微生物数量及土壤酶括性动态变化的影响。结果表明：各大豆生育期内真菌、细菌、线荫数量和土壤脲酶、点糖酶活性对不同形态氮索的反应不同；三大菌群在组成上以细菌数量占绝对优势，数量上均在花期时达到峰值，即均随着大互生育期的推进量单峰曲线变化；花期不间形态氮处理下的土微生物总数量有差异，具体表现为N5>N3>N2>N1>N4>NO。土壤多样性指数的变化趋势随着生育期的推进呈缓慢下降趋势，与土壤微生物数量的变化趋势不一致，因此，评价土壤生物多样性指数应将两者结合起来。土嫔脉酶和蔗糖酶活性随着生育期的推进亦为单峰曲线变化趋势，但脉酶与蔗精酶活性的变化趋势不同，其高峰期出现在鼓粒期。
关键调：土填微生物；脉酶；熙糖酶；鼠形态；大豆
中图分类号：S154；S143.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2010)02-0341-07
Effectsof differentnitrogenformsonmicrobial quantityand
enzymes activities in soybean field
YAN Jun'- 2, HAN Xiao-zeng'', WANG Shu-qi', LI Xiao-hui', ZHU Wei-weil. 2
(I Northeast Iustinste of Geography and Agriculural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China :
2 College of Agronomy, Northeast Agriculural Unisersity, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, Chine)
Abstract: In this paper, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different N forms, including biological nitrogen fixation(NO), NO; -N(N1), NHt -N(N2), amino acid-N(N3), protein-N(N4) and amide-N(N5) on micro-bial quantity and enzyme activities in soil at the growth stages of soybean , All N fertilizers were applied as base fertilizers with the same amount.The results show that bacleria are the predominant ones among microorganisms, The maximum population of bacteria, actinomyces and fungi are observed at the flowering stage, and the change of microorganism is a single-peaked curve at the whole growth stages. As the growing phases of soybean, the total amounts of microorganisms and biodiversity indices were different among treatments supplied with different forms of nitrogen, Moreover, the amounts of the microorganisms change with diferent foms of nitrogen treatments at the flowering stage with an order: N5 > N3 > N2 > N1 > N4 > NO. In addition, the change of the biodiversity indices shows a slowly decreased trend. Therefore, the two important factors should be combined to evaluate quality of the soil. The activities of urease and invertase were single-peaked curves with the growing phases as well, however, the maximum urease activity appears at the podding stage while that of the invertase activity at the flowering stage.
Key words: soil microbes; urease; invertase; nitrogen form; soybean
收稿日期：200903-02
接受日期：2009-04-21
基金项目：国家科技支撑计划（2006BAD21B01.2006BAD05B05)：国家重点基础研充发展计划(973)(2005CB121106）项目资助。作者简介：严君（1982—），女，汉族，宁夏银川市，博士，主要从事植物营养研究。E-mail:yanjun985625@163.com
+通讯作者Tel：:045186602940，E-mail:xhanneigaehrb.ac.cn
万方数据