植物营养与肥料学报2011,17(1)：247-253 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
氮素对玉米幼苗生长、根系形态及氮素吸收利用
效率的影响
姜琳琳"，韩立思2，韩晓日1，战秀梅"，左仁辉"，吴正超"，袁程（1沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院，农业部东北土壤与环境重点开放实验室，辽宁沈阳110866；
2南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院，江苏南京210095）
摘要：采用水培试验，比较分析了氮素对高产玉米杂交种幼苗生长、根系形态及氮素吸收利用效率的影响。结果表明，在一定氮素范闹内供氮量的增加能够促进玉米地上部的生长，也促进东单90(DD90）和沈玉21(SY21)根系干重的增加，面高量供氮会抑制根系的生长，导致根冠比下降。郑单958（2D958）在8.0mmol/L氮水平下地上部受抑制的程度大于根系，造成根冠比有所增加。在各氮索水平下，东单90其有很好的根系形态，提高了氮素的吸收能力，从而提高氮素积累量。随氮浓度的增加，玉米植株氮索吸收效率增大而氮素生理利用效率减小，无论在低氮还是高氮条件下，郑单958和东单90的氮素吸收效率均显等高于沈玉21和郝育12（HY12），氮紫生理利用效率却
地协调根系与地上部的关系，促进根系形态发育，增加根系对氮素的接触面积，促进根系对氮素的高效吸收。关键调：玉米；根系形态；氮素吸收：氮紫生理利用效率
中图分类号：S513.06
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2011)01-0247-07
Effects ofnitrogenongrowth，rootmorphological traits， nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency of maize seedlings
JIANG Lin-lin', HAN Li-si’, HAN Xiao-ri'*, ZHAN Xiu-mei', ZUO Ren-hui', WU Zheng-chao', YUAN Cheng(I College of Land and Ensironment, Shenyang Agricultural Unisersity/Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Soil and Emsironment in Northeast China, Shenyang 110866,China; 2 College of Resources and Environmental Science
Nanjing Agricultural Uninersity, Nanyjing 210095, China)
Abstract: Based on water culture, the hybrid maize of high yield is selected to study the effects of nitrogen on seedling growth, root morphological traits and nitrogen uptake and physiological N use efficiency. Results show that with N concentrations increasing in a certain range, shoot biomass of four maize cultivars and root biomass of Dong dan 90 (DD90) and Shenyu 21 (SY21) are increased, whereas root growth is inhibited under the high nitrate lev el, that led to the decrease of rooVshoot ratio. The decreased ratio of shoot biomass of Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) is higher than that of root biomass under the high nitrate level (8. O mmol/L), as a result, the root/shoot ratio of ZD958 is increased. Under different N concentrations, DD90 has better root morphology to improve the ability of N uptake, therefore the N accumulation is increased. With the increase of nitrogen concentration, the N uptake effi-ciency is increased, while the physiological N use efficiency is decreased in the four hyrid maize. At both lower and higher N rates, ZD958 and DD90 both have higher N uptake efficiency and lower physiological N use efficiency compared with SY21 and Haoyu12 (HY12). The responses of different maize cultivars to nitrogen are significantly different. There are the high tolerance and high N uptake to low nitrogen level in DD90 and ZD958. ZD958 has
收稿日期：2010-03-07
接受日期：2010-10-01
基金项目：国家科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD02A12，2008BADA4B06）资助。
作者简介：要琳琳（1983一），女，辽宁大连人，博士研究生，主要从事玉米高产营养生理与施肥研究。E-mail：dnnal@163.com
→通讯作者 Tel;02488493097, E-msil; hanxisori@163.com
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