第43卷第2期 Vol. 43No.2
钣压技木
FORGING & STAMPING TECHNOLOGY
汽车冲压件工艺参数优化及回弹控制
苟春梅，吴民，董静，孙华伟
（新疆交通职业技术学院汽车工程学院，新疆乌鲁齐831401）
2018年2月 Feb.2018
摘要：针对汽车冲压件的回弹间题，研究了某汽车后地板零件的回弹控制间题。首先借助数值模拟软件AutoForm建立汽车数优化借助了AutoForm的西格玛优化模块，优化目标为最小回弹量，优化得到最优组的压边力为798kN，摩费系数为 0.14。然后采用回弹补偿策略对拉延工序的模具进行回弹补偿，当回弹补偿循环选代2次后，零件的回弹满足尺寸公差要求。最后进行了模具加工和试模验证。实验结果表明将工艺参数优化和回弹补偿相结合的方法能够有效地控制冲压零件的回弹。
关键词：汽车冲压件；回弹补偿；数值模拟；尺寸控制；AutoForm DOI: 10. 13330/j. issn. 1000-3940. 2018. 02. 007
中图分类号：TG386.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-3940（2018）02-0034-04
Processparameteroptimizationand springbackcontrolof automotive
stampingparts
Gou Chunmei, Wu Min, Dong Jing, Sun Huawei
( College of Automotive Engineering, Xinjiang Vocational & Technical College of Communications, Urumqi 831401, China)
Abstract : For the springback problem of automobile stamping parts, the springback control of an automobile rear floor parts was studied. First of all, the finite element model of the whole process of stamping for automobile rear floor parts was established by numerical simula-tion software AutoForm. Then, the springhack of part was controlled by process parameter optimization and springback compensation. The AutoForm sigma optimization module was used in the process of parameter optimization, and the minimum of springhack was taken as the optimization goal. However, the optimized paramelters were the blank holder force of 798 kN and the friction coeficient of 0. 14. Further-more, the springback of drawing tool was compensated by springhack compensation strategy. When the springhack compensation cyele was iterated twice, the springhack of part met the requirement of dimensional tolerance. Finally, the tools were manufactured and the die try out was carried out. The experience results show that the springhack of stamping part can be effectively controlled by the combination of process parameter optimixation and springhack compensation.
Key words : automotive stamping parts; springhack compensation; numerical simulation; dimensional control; AutoForm
汽车冲压件具有生产批量大和尺寸精度要求高的特点]。当冲压件的尺寸出现较大的偏差，会导致后续焊接或装配困难，导致装配尺寸检验不合格，严重时甚至导致零件报废[2]
对于零件回弹控制的研究一直是热点问题[3]。闫瑞雪等[4/基于Dynaform软件对汽车前地板纵梁零件进行工艺优化和回弹补偿。徐虹等[5]采用了
收稿日期：20170818；修订日期：20171110
基金项目：全国交通运输职业款育款学指导委员会交通运输职业教育科研项目（2015B57）
作者简介：荷春（1985-），女，额士，讲师万方数据ail：smart_edu_cn@163.com
反弯曲法、圆角法和侧壁内倾3种方法对侧立柱的尺寸精度进行研究，并提出3种控制零件尺寸精度的方法。乔晓勇等[6]针对现有商业软件的不足，提出一种控制汽车外覆盖件的畸变和回弹的方法。现有研究大多将冲压成形工艺参数优化和回弹补偿分开，很少将二者共同用来控制零件回弹。
本文针对汽车冲压件的回弹问题，对某汽车后地板零件的回弹问题进行研究，借助有限元软件 AutoForm建立了汽车后地板零件冲压成形的全工序有限元模型，并对影响最终零件回弹的工艺参数进行优化，然后采用回弹补偿方法对汽车后地板进行回弹补偿，最后进行试验试模验证。