
第43卷第2期 Vol. 43No.2
综述
假压技木
FORGING & STAMPING TECHNOLOGY
汽车车身构件冲压回弹研究现状李富柱,翟长盼,李伟,郭玉琴,倪俊
(江苏大学机械工程学院,江苏镇江212000)
2018年2月 Feb.2018
摘要:全面综述了目前车身构件冲压回弹的研究现状,包括研究对象、方法以及影响因素(模具结构参数、板料性能参数等)。重点总结了影响有限元回弹预测精度和计算效率的主要因素,包括届服准则、材料模型、硬化模型,并给出了国内外回弹研究在成形工艺及新材料两方面的差距。削述了回弹研究趋势,即研究对象由简单件向复杂件拓展,研究工艺向温、热成形发展以及碳纤维等新材料的逐渐应用。最后指出了未来回弹研究重点应集中在建立新材料本构模型、补充完善现有回弹理论体系、创新和发展相关回弹研究方法和控制措施等方面。
关键词:汽车车身构件;冲压;回弹;材料本构模型;届服准则 DOI: 10. 13330/j. issn. 1000-3940. 2018. 02. 001
中图分类号:TG386
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000-3940(2018)02-0001-08
Researchonstatusofstampingspringbackforauto-bodyparts
Li Fuzhu, Zhai Changpan, Li Wei, Guo Yuqin, Ni Jun
(School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China)
Abstract : The research status of stamping springhack for auto-body parts was discussed fully relating to the research objects, methods and influencing factors such as die structure parameters, sheet metal property parameters etc. Then, the main factors including yield eriterion, material constitutive model and hardening model influencing on the precise and computing efficiency of springback prediction were emphat-ically summarized, and the researech differences of springback at home and abroad were given mainly from aspects of forming technology and new materials. Furthermore, the trend of springback research was given, the research object was expanded from simple parts to com-plex parts, the forming process was developed to the warm and hot forming, and the application of CFRP and other new materials. Final-ly, it was pointed out that the future research concerns was focused on establishing new material constitutive models, improring the exist-
ing springhack theory, innovating and developing the related researeh methods and control measures of springhack Key words : auto-body parts; stamping; springhack; material constitutive model; yield criterion
随着汽车行业对节能减排及主、被动安全性要求的日益严苛,使车辆结构轻量化技术受到工业界和学术界的广泛关注。先进高强度钢板(AdvancedHigh StrengthSteel,AHSS)作为具有极好应用前景的车体结构轻量化材料之一,由于存在所需成形抗力大、回弹及翘曲严重等问题,使传统冲压工艺的适用性和所成形构件的几何精度面临新的技术挑战,在很大程度
收稿日期:20170931;修订日期:20171218
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575245);江苏省"六大人才高峰资助项目(XNYQC-002);江苏大学青年科技扶持基金项目(FCJ2015010);江苏大学高级人才启动基金项目(16JDG038)
作者筒介:李富柱(1971),男,博士,别数授 E-mail: lifuzhu@ 163. com
通迅作者:翟长盼(1990-),女,额士研究生万方尊编an:2273253346@qom
上限制了其轻量化潜能的发挥。回弹作为轻量化高强度钢制车体构件成形的技术瓶颈,其定义为:板材冲压成形结束后,零件中因塑性变形而产生的残余应力,在模具卸载后,会因弹性变形能的释放而重新分布,使零件尺寸与模具型面尺寸发生偏差的现象[2]。回弹现象不仅发生在弯曲、拉深成形工艺后,翻边、切边也会引起不同程度的回弹,即切边回弹和翻边回弹[3-6]。回弹的产生显著降低了构件的几何精度,增加整车装配难度、降低装配精度,同时也严重影响构件在服役过程中的力学性能。
因此,对高强度钢制车体构件回弹产生机理、理论分析基础、回弹研究方法及控制措施等方面的研究,一直是汽车制造行业关注的热点和难点问题之一。本文将对目前的回弹研究现状进行全面综述,包括回弹研究对象及方法、回弹影响因素、回弹预