第52卷第15期 2016年8月
机械工程学报
JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
DOI:10.3901/JME.2016.15.065
Vol.52 Aug.
圆柱滚子轴承旋转精度数值计算及试验研究
余永健！李济顺2陈国定！薛玉君3刘永刚3史文祥2
(1.西北工业大学机电学院西安710072：
2.河南科技大学河南省机械设计及传动系统重点实验室洛阳
1471003
3.河南科技大学机电工程学院洛阳471003）
No.15 2016
摘要：针对圆柱滚子轴承旋转精度，提出了轴承外圈径向跳动数值计算方法，并对外圈滚道形状误差进行了试验研究。根据轴承元件运动及几何关系，建立了轴承外圈径向跳动数值计算模型，分析了外圈滚道圆度误差幅值、固度误差阶次、滚子个数以及径向游隙对轴承旋转精度的影响规律，并验证了模型的正确性。分析结果表明，外圈滚道圆度误差幅值对轴承旋转精度影响较大：当轴承外图围度误差阶次与滚子个数满是特定关系时，轴承旋转精度显著降低：对于外圈滚道圆度误差波形变化较剧烈的圆柱滚子轴承，滚子个数对其旋转精度影响较大。对轴承外圈滚道圆度误差试验研究结果表明，外圈滚道圆度误
数的函数关系式，可用于外圈径向跳动的预测。
关键词：圆柱滚子辅承；旋转精度：外陶道：围度误差：正态分布中图分类号：TH133
NumericalCalculationandExperimentalResearchofRotationalAccuracy
on Cylindrical Roller Bearing
YUYongjian'LI Jishun?CHEN Guoding'XUEYujun'LIUYonggang
SIWenxiang
(1. School of Mechanical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072;
2. Henan Key Laboratory for Machinery Design and Transmission System, Henan University of Science and
Technology, Luoyang 471003;
3. School of Mechatronics Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003)
Abstract: Aiming to rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing, the radial runout of outer ring of assembled bearing is studied by numerical computation, and form error of outer ring raceway is experimentally investigated. According to the motion and geometric relationships among bearing components, a mathematical model for cylindrical roller bearing is developed to investigate the influence of roundness error (i.e., amplitude, order) of outer ring raceway, the number of roller and radial clearance on rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing. The model is validated to be reasonable by theory calculation results. The results indicate that the roundness error of outer ring raceway has a significant impact on rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing. When the roundness error order and number of roller satisfy certain conditions, the rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing significantly decreases. When the surface waveform of outer ring raceway changes sharply, the influence of the number of roller on rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing is obvious. The roundness error of outer ring raceway is experimentally investigated. The results show that the roundness error of outer ring raceway is subject to normal distribution. Amplitude and order of roundness error change exponentially. The function relation between the radial runout of outer ring and harmonic distribution parameters of outer ring raceway is obtained. This function relation is used to predict the radial runout of outer ring.
Key words: cylindrical roller bearing: rotational accuracy: outer ring raceway: roundness error; normal distribution
转精度，广泛应用于精密机床、磁盘和航空航天等
0
前言
装动轴承主要功能是支承轴系，并保持轴的口
*国家自然科孕基金(51375148)、河南省基与前沿技术研究计划(142300413217)、河南省高等学校重点科研(15A460022)和河南省高校科技创新团以支持计划(15IRTSTHN008)资助项目：20151001收到书稿，20160323收到修改稿
复杂精密机械系统中，轴承性能对机械系统的安全及有效运行起着决定性作用[-2]，而轴承旋转精度作为衡量轴承性能的重要指标，往往直接决定机械系统的精度。轴承元件不可避免存在儿何误差，而轴承元件误差又是导致轴承旋转精度的重要因素之一。因此，开展轴承元件误差与轴承旋转精度关系