2018年第8期（总第248期）
doi:10. 3969/j. issn. 1009 3230.2018. 08. 001
应用能源技术
红外遮光剂选材的理论研究
颜雄超”，苏高辉”
1
（1.海军驻襄类地区航空军事代表室，湖北襄阳441000;2.中国人民解放军91663部队，山东青岛266000）
摘要：SiO,气凝胶纳米孔材料导热系数极低，代替传统绝热材料可以降低绝热层厚度，节约能源。高温时SiO,气凝胶绝热性能下降，可以添加矿物粒子遮蔽辐射传热，提高其高温时的绝热性能。文中采用Mie散射理论建立起了遮光气凝胶热辐射特性和辐射热导率的定量理论模型，分析了遮光剂光学参数，粒子尺度对辐射传热的影响，对比了SiC、B,C、BN、TiO,遮光剂的遮光效果。结果表明，遮光剂的折射率对辐射传热的影响较大，折射率越大，对辐射传热的衰减效果越好。在研究的材料中，遮光效果最好的是B,C,其次依次是BN、SiC和TiOz。特定温度下，存在最优粒径使得遮光气凝胶的辐射热导率最小，最优粒径随着温度升高而变小，对于文中计算的遮光剂,300K时最优粒径约为1.4μm,700K时约为0.8um。分析结果对于指导遮光剂的选材，提高材料的性能，降低制备成本具有工程应用价值。
关键调：绝热材料；粒子散射；遮光剂；辐射传热
文献标志码：A文章编号：1009-3230(2018)08-0001-07
中图分类号：TB34；TB321
TheoryResearchonSelectionofInfraredOpacifiers
YAN Xiong chao', SU Gao hui?
(1. PLA navy is Stationed in Xiangfan Regional Aviation Military Representative Office,Xiangyang 441000, Hubei Province,China;2. The PLA 91663 tro0ps,Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province,China)
Abstract: Silica aerogel,with extreme low thermal conductivity,can be used to replace traditional thermal insulation materials, resulting in less thickness of insulation layer and saving energy. At high temperature,the insulation property of silica aerogel drops. The mineral particles can be added in it to attenuate the radiant heat transfer in order to raise the insulation property of silica aeroge. The quantitative theory model of the radiation characteristics and radiation themal conductivity of the opacified aerogel were established based on the Mie scattering theory in this paper. The influence of the optical parameter and the particle size of the opacifier on the radiation heat transfer was analyzed and the opacifying performance of the SiC、B,C、BN,TiO, particle was compared. It was shown that, the radiation heat transfer is seriously affected by the refractive index of the opacifier, the higher the refractive index is, the better the opacifying performance shows. The opacifying effect of B, C is the best among these,followed by BN, SiC,and TiO,. At a particular temperature,there is an optimized particle size resulting in the least thermal conductivity of the aerogel opacifier,and the optimized particle size decreases with the increase of the temperature. For opacifiers in this paper,the optimized particle size is 1.4 μm at 300 K,while 0. 8μm at 700 K. The conclusions can be used to select a better opacifier,
improve the thermal insulation perfomance of the materials and saving the manufacturing cost. Key words: Thermal insulation materials; Particle scattering; Pacifiers; Radiant heat transfer
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引言
船舶热力系统的绝热保温一直是船舶建造及
收稿日期：2018-04-21
修订日期：2018-0615
作者简介：额雄超（1988-），男，硕士研究生，从事装备质
量监督及绝热材料的研究。
万方数据
维护过程中的重要任务(0)。对于大型蒸汽动力船舶，采用绝热性能差的绝热材料进行保温，不仅会大幅增加绝热层重量，减少舱室的有效使用空间、降低有效载重量，而且会浪费大量燃料，减少