广蓄电池通
Chinese LABAT Man
对铅酸蓄电池用Pb一Ca一Sn合金性能的影响
秦春段，王涛，苏勇
（合肥工业大学材料学院，安徽合肥230009）
摘要：实验采用塔菲尔曲线、动电位线性扫描、交流伏安等电化学方法研究了不同铋含量的铅钙锡铝板栅合金的电化学性能，并用显微硬度计测试硬度。结果表明，添加适量的铋，可以提高合金的耐扁蚀性，抑制Pb(Ⅱ)的生长，减小阳极膜的阻抗，提高电池的深充/放电性能，提高合金板栅的
显微硬度。但过多的铋反而恶化Pb-Ca合金的电化学性能和机械性能。关键词：铋；铅钙锡铝合金；电化学性能；显微硬度
中图分类号：912.9
文献标识码：B文章编号：1006—0847(2011)03-104-05
TheeffectofbismuthontheperformancesofPb-Ca-Snalloyfor
lead-acidbatteries
QIN Chun-duan, WANG Tao, SU Yong
(School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology,
HefeiAnhui230009,China)
Abstract: The electrochemical performances of PbCaSn-Al grid alloy with different contents of bismuth were investigated by means of Tafel plots, linear sweeping voltammetry and altemating current voltammetry. The microhardness tester was taken to investigate the hardness. It was found that the introduction of defined amount of bismuth resulted in increased corrosion resistance, inhibited the growth of PbO, decreased the impedance of corrosion film of the Pb-CaSnAl alloy which was favorable for increasing its charge/discharge property, and increased the microhardness of the grid alloy, But excessive bismuth would deteriorate the electrochemical and mechanical performanceof PbCa alloy-
Key words: bismuth; PbCaSnAl alloy; electrochemical performance; microhardness
1前言
Pb-Ca合金因具备良好的免维护性能而通常用于制造VRLA的板栅，但是随之引起了电池的深放电性能差(即容量早期损失（PCL）现象)，循环寿命低等间题。铅钙合金阳极氧化时形成的高阻
收稿日期：2010-12-12 042011 Na.3 Vol.48 万方数据
抗层是降低电池深充/放电性能的主要原因，而电池的循环寿命则与板栅的腐蚀相关，板栅的腐蚀导致板栅变形，表面活性物质脱落，板栅钝化等，这都会使电池过早失效，降低电池循环寿命。为了克服铅钙合金的缺点，目前研究者们大都致力于调整板栅的化学成分以及其制造过程，来提高电池的循环寿命、耐腐蚀能力-。主要集中在通过调整铅钙合金中钙锡含量，或者添加银、铺、锶等添加剂以改善板栅合金性能4-6]。研究者对铋在Pb-Ca合金