植物营养与肥料学报2011.17(3)：693-701 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
氮水平和形态配比对巴西橡胶树花药苗生长
及氮代谢、光合作用的影响罗雪华12，邹碧霞"，吴菊群，杨俐苹3。
（1中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所，海南詹州571737；2海南大学（詹州校区)农学院，海南倍州571737；
3中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京100081）
摘要：采用砂培方法研究了不同供氮水平及NH；/NO;配比对巴西橡胶树花药苗生长、氮代谢及光合作用相关指量、叶绿索含量均相应升高，其中粗根、秆、叶片含氮量、单吸氮最及叶绿素含量各处理间差异均达显著水平；株高、基粗、细根于重、叶片光合速率先增后减，且以8
mmol/L氮水平时最大；低氮水平下细根硝酸还原酶(NR)活
性较高。不同NH：/NO;配比试验中，纯NH：营养下小苗各部位氮含量、氮积累量最高（除细根和叶柄氮的积累量）；NH:/NO;为75/25时，小苗株高、基粗、叶柄、叶片、植株地上部及株干重最大，NH；/NO;为50/50时，小苗细根干重、基秆干重、叶绿素含量、光合速率最大，且显著大于纯NO;营养处理；而NH；/NO;>50/50时，处理间差异不显著（除细根和茎杆N含量）：纯NO，营养下小苗细根NR活性最高，但生长最弱。结果说明橡胶花药苗不适宜
于纯NO,环境，而适宜于纯NH；及NH/NO,混合营养，其适宜水平为8mmol/L和NH;/NO,>50/50。关键调：巴西橡胶树；花药体细胞组培苗；氮素水平；NH/NO,配比；氮代谢；光合作用
中图分类号：S794.1.01
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2011)03069309
Effects of different nitrogen levels and NHt/NO,ratios on thegrowth, nitrogenmetabolism andphotosynthesis of anther-derived somatic seedlings
ofHeveabrasiliensis
LUO Xue-hua'-2, ZOU Bi-xia', WU Ju-qun', YANG Li-ping"
(1 Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danshou, Hainan 571737, China;
2 College of Agronomy, Hainan Unitersity (Danzhou Campus), Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China;
3 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Bejing 100081, China)
Abstract: The effects of four nitrogen(N) levels (1, 4, 8, and 16 mmol/L, using ammonium nitrate as the N source）and fiveNH,/N0, ratios（100/0，75/25,50/50,25/75，and0/100）onthegrowth，Nmetabolismand photosynthesis of anther-derived somatic seedlings of Hevea brasiliensis were studied in a sand culture experiment. The dry weight of stem, leaves, shoot and single plant, the N concentration and N uptake of the roots, stem and leaves, and the chlorophyll concentration increased correspondingly with the increasing N level. The N concentra-tion of the coarse roots, stem and leaves, N uptake by the plant, and the concentrations of chlorophyll a, chloro-phyll b and total chlorophyll all differed significantly between treatments. The plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of fine roots and net photosynthetic rate of leaves increased with N level from 1 to 8 mmol/L, but decreased at 16 mmol/L. The nitrate reductase activity of fine roots was highest at the lowest N level. With regard to the
收稿日期：2010-06-11
接受日期：2011-01-27
基金项目：海南省自然科学基金（30610）；国家科技支撑计划（2008BADA4B01)；中国热带农业科学院橡胶所基本科研业务费
(XJSYWFZX200817）资助。
作者简介：罗雪华（1970一），女，江西赣州人，碳士，助理研究员，主要从事植物营养诊断与施肥研究。
Tel; 089823301660,E-mail; nhfx_23300425@163, com。
本文为2010中国植物营养与肥料学会学术年会会议论文。万方数据
通讯作者：E-mail;lpyangecaas.ac.cn