
第18卷第4期 2010年4月
文章编号
1004-924X(2010)04-0952-06
光学精密工程
Optics and Precision Engineering
三坐标测量机驱动的摄像机标定技术
黄风山1,2,钱惠芬1
(1.河北科技大学机械电子工程学院,河北石家庄050018: 2.天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,天津300072)
Vol. 18No. 4 Apr.2010
摘要:为了降低摄像机的标定费用和提高标定精度,提出了一种基于三垒标测量机平动的摄像机标定技术,对该技术的原理、数学模型、标定步骤和标定精度进行了研究。根据摄像机标定的基本原理,利用三坐标测量机沿X、Y、Z轴移动和正交精度都很高的特点,以三坐标测量机带动待标定摄像机产生和白色陶瓷标准球球心(标定特征点)在X、Y、Z轴方向上的相对平动,得到标定特征点在测头坐标系中不同位置的坐标;在每一个确定位置,摄像机拍摄标定特征点的像,经图像处理后,计算出像点在计算机顿存坐标系中的坐标。引人测头坐标系,建立了该项摄像机标定技术的数学模型,给出了标定步骤,组建了标定系统。比对标定实验结果表明,基于三坐标测量机平动的摄像机标定系统与专用标定系统的标
定精度相当,数据相差在士1um以内,满足工程实际精度要求,成本低、标定效率高。关键调:振像机标定:三坐标测量机;平动;测头坐标系;数学模型
中图分类号:TP391
文献标识码:A
Cameracalibrationtechnologydrivenby
three-coordinatemeasuringmachine
HUANGFeng-shanl-,QIANHui-fen
(1.Mechanical&.Electronic Engineering College,
HebeiUniversity of Science&Technology,Shijiazhuang050054,China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments,
TianjinUniversity,Tianjin300072,China)
Abstract: A CCD camera calibration technology based on the translation of a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) is proposed to decrease the calibrating cost of CCD cameras and to improve the cali-brating accuracy, and its principle, mathematic model, calibrating steps and calibrating accuracy are studied. According to the CCD camera calibration principle and the high translation accuracy of CMM, the CMM brings the CCD camera to be calibrated to produce the relative translation with respect to the center of a white ceramic standard sphere (the calibration characteristic point)along the X, Y, Z axes,then the coordinates of the different positions of the calibration characteristic point in the probe coordinate system can be obtained. Furthermore,by capturing the image of the white ceramic standard sphere by the camera at every position, the coordinates of different positions of the calibration charac
收稿日期:2008-12-19;修订日期:2009-03-02.
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.50475116);河北科技大学科研基金项目