Aug.2011·50·
化肥设计
Chemical Fertilizer Design
第49卷第4期 2011年8月
弛放气压力波动引起高压蒸汽压力递减
的原因分析及应对播施
邵士铭，卢海鹰，阿不都热合木·托乎提，张中亚（中石化塔里木石化分公司，新疆库尔勤841000）
摘要：分析了塔里木大型化肥装置因一段炉燃料气系统压力波动，导致高压蒸汽压力从10.7MPa递减下降至 8.92MPa，并使整个系统接近高压蒸汽跳车的原因：①弛放气设定压力降低导致放空阀打开；②高压用户用汽量增加；③高压废锅产汽量下降。结果表明，通过提高一段炉温度、调整高压合成氨系统负荷、调整高压蒸汽透平轴气
量、增加快装锅炉产气量等相应措施，高压蒸汽压力逐步稳定和提高，合成氨工况恢复了正常。关键调：弛放气；一段炉；高压蒸汽；压力下降；措施
中图分类号：TQ441.41
文献标识码：B
文章编号：10048901(2011)04005003
Analysisof ReasonsforProgressiveDecreaseofHighPressureSteamPressure CausedbyFluctuation of ReleasedGasPressureandItsCounter-Measures
SHAO Shi-ming, LU Hai-ying, ABUDU Rehemu-tuohuti, ZHANG Zhong-ya
(Talimu Petrochemical Engineering Sub-company Lad. , Kuerle Xinjiang 841000China)
Abstract: Author has analyzed the reason causing the whole system to spproach trip of the high pressure steam due to pressure fluctuation of the fuel gas system of primary reformer in Talimu Large-sized chemical fertilizer plant, it made the presure of high pressure steam decreased progressively from 10.7 MPa to 8. 92 MPa, result indicates that decreasing the setting pressure makes the venting valve opened; the steam consume of the high pressure steam users is increased; the steam production is decreased for high pressure steam of waste heat boiler, that leads to pressure drop of the high pressure steam pipeline network, Through appropriste measures of elevating the temperature of primary reformer, adjusting the load of high pressure ammonia syn thesis system, controlling the steam extraction of high pressure steam turbine and increasing the steam production of package boiler and so on, the pressure of the high pressure steam is gradually stabilized and increased, it makes operating condition restored to the normal state.
Key words: releasing gas; primary reformer; high pressure steam; pressure drop; measures
在塔里木石化分公司45万Va合成氨、80万Va 尿素项目中，合成氨工艺高压蒸汽系统压力10.68 MPa,510℃，用户为合成气压缩机透平（TK431 抽凝式）以及氨压缩机透平（TK441背压式）。某日09：26因弛放气压力波动引起高压蒸汽压力由10.7MPa降至10.58MPa，蒸汽品质下降， TK431用蒸汽量由218/h增加至237Vh，管网压力进一步递减下降，10：08降至8.92MPa，整个系统出现紊乱，接近高压跳车边缘。针对这工况，及时采取了提高高压废热锅炉产汽量、减少透平高压缸用汽量等措施，逐步稳定和提高高压蒸汽压力，使系统隐患基本消除。
弛放气入燃料气系统情况 1
燃料气管网由3路气源构成：天然气、弛放万方数据
气、过量工艺气。段炉所需要的热量通常由 FIC2047控制，起负荷控制器的作用，不同来源提供的热量在FY-2047/1累加，然后作为输人信号送到FIC2047。控制器调节燃料天然气的流量以维持转化炉所需要的热量。来自氨回收单元的弛放气其管网压力PIC5043与弛放气流量控制器FIC2048信号输人低选器FY-2048/2输出信号给FV2048控制流量，以维持所需燃料气量和弛放气总管上的压力稳定。另1组燃料气来源是甲烷化后的过量工艺气，由FIC2049控制流量。燃料气管网见图1。
作者简介：邵士铭（1979年－），男，湖北嘉鱼人，2005年毕业于新疆大学化学化工学院化工工程专业，硕士研究生，工程师，从事化肥装置生产的技术管理工作。