
耐低温无石棉绝热层研制陈蓉宋博伏玲寇朝辉
(西安航天化学动力厂,西安710025)
文摘通过添加含卤-锈的阻燃剂、芳纶纤维和增塑剂,研制了一种耐低温无石棉的丁睛绝热层配方(TI506)。研究了芳纶纤维和增塑剂对绝热层静态烧蚀性能和T,的影响,对绝热层材料力学性能、比热容、热导率等性能进行了测试。结果表明:芳纶纤维浆箱用量为10~15份、芳纶短纤维用量为4~6份时,绝热层烧蚀性能最佳,线烧蚀率达到45um/s,所选增塑剂DOS用量为10份、DBP或ATBC用量为20份时,T,可达-40℃,芳纶纤维制备的丁晴绝热层力学性能及烧蚀性能优良,并满足固体火箭发动机耐-40~60℃的环境。
关键调芳纶纤维,玻璃化转变温度,绝热层,烧蚀性能
中图分类号:TQ336.8
D0I:10.3969/j. issn.10072330.2014.03.008
Preparation of Low Temperature-Resistant and Non-Asbestos Insulation
CHENRong
SONGBo
FULing
KOUZhaohui
(Xi'an Aerospace Chemical Propulsion Factory, Xi'an 710025)
AbstractA low temperature-resistant and non-asbestos NBR insulation formula named TI506 was preparation by using fire retardant agent containing halogenSb,aramid fiber and plasticizer. The effect of content of aramid fiber on erosion perfomance of the insulation was investigated. The effect of content of plasticizer on glass transition tempera-ture(T,) of NBR insulation was also studied. The results showed that the optimum linearosion rate is 45 μm/s when the content of aramid fiber pulp is 10 to 15 portions and the content of aramid fiber staple is 4 to 6 portions, and when the content of plasticizer DOS is 10 portions, DBP or ATBC is 20 portions, T, of the NBR insulation can reach 40°C. In addition, mechanical performance, specific heat capacity and conduction coefficient were tested respectively. The results showed that mechanical and erosion perfomances of the NBR insulation by using aramid fiber are excellent,and it made solid rocket engines endure the condition with the temperature from -40°C to 60°C
KeywordsAramid fiberVitrification temperature,Insulation,Erosionperfomance
0引言
固体火箭发动机使用的丁睛绝热层主要采用丙烯腈含量约40%的丁橡胶作基体,属于高丙烯睛丁橡胶,虽然具有较好的耐油性、耐磨性、耐热老化性,但随着丙烯含量(15wt%~50wt%)的增加,其耐寒性能降低()。为保证绝热层材料满足耐低温要求,需采用丙烯腈含量25wt%~30wt%的中丙烯丁睛橡胶为绝热层材料基体,添加增塑剂,使绝热层的低温性能满足环境要求。
丁类绝热层材料的原料之一石棉为致癌物, 2008年为国内禁用物,目前采用加人芳纶纤维的方法来提高绝热层的耐烧蚀和抗冲刷性能(2-3),国内外
收稿日期:201404-09
也开展了相应的研究工作。
本文主要采用添加芳纶纤维、增塑剂,研制一种耐低温无石棉的丁腈绝热层,以满足固体发动机的使
用和贮存要求。 1试验
1.1原材料
丁橡胶、芳纶纤维、气相白炭黑、硫磺、氧化锌、增塑剂,卤-锑阻燃剂和硫化促进剂等均为市售;DBP 分子量278.35,为毒害品;ATBC分子量402.3,最主要的特点是无毒、无臭,是世界公认的环保增型剂[4},可以替代DBP,不影响绝热层材料的力学性能和烧蚀性能。DOS分子量426.7,作为多种合成橡胶
作者简介:陈馨,1968年出生,工程师,主要从事固体火箭发动机内绝热层材料的研究。E-mail;13991296709@126.com
34 -万方数据
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