
2017年第36卷第7期
传感器与微系统(Transducer and Microsystem Technologies)
65
DOI;10. 13873/J. 10009787(2017)07006503
便携式快速GC程序升温中智能
PID算法研究
张荣,俞建成,高文清
(宁波大学高等技术研究院,浙江宁波315211)
摘要:针对快速气相色谱仪(GC)在程序升温时,由于色谱柱低热容,导致升温的线性度和超调难以控制,影响仪器的可重复性,产生峰重叠的问题,开发了一种基于智能比例-积分-微分(PID)算法的色谱柱温控系统。系统选用LTM柱,以该柱自带的铂测温丝作为温度传感器元件,设计了温度采集和控制电路。算法上,在增量式PID的基础上,将目标温度段划分为多个子区间段,引入温度补偿控制,补偿值的大小与升温速率呈线性关系。实验结果表明:补偿后,算法升温速率误差为2.58%,线性度达到99.92%,超调在 3℃以内,满足系统需求。
关健词:快速气相色谱仪;程序升温;温度补偿;比例-积分-微分;线性度
中图分类号:TH833
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000-9787(2017)07-0065-03
Research of intelligentPIDalgorithminfast portable GC
temperatureprogramming ZHANG Rong, YU Jian-cheng, GAO Wen-qing
(Research Institute of Advanced Technology ,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211, China)
Abstract:When fast gas chromatography ( CC) in temperature programming, due to the characteristics of chromatographic columns with low heat capacity, linearity and overshoot of warming up are difficult to control, affect repeat ability of instrument, resulting in overlapping peaks. In order to solve this problern, a kind of temperature control system based on intelligent PID algorithm is developed. The system selects LTM column, with the platinum temperature measuring wire as temperature sensor component,the temperature acquisition and control circuit is designed. On the basis of incremental PID, target temperature segment is divided into several sub regions,and the temperature compensation is introduced. The compensation value is linear with the heating rate. The experimental results show that the error of the temperature rising rate after compensation is 2. 58 % , the linearity is 99. 92 % ,and the overshoot is less than 3 C ,which meets the requirement of the system.
Key words: fast gas chromatography( CC) ; programmed temperature; temperature compensation; PID; linearity
引
言
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目前,国产气相色谱仪(gaschromatography,GC)在国内市场的占有率不到5%,其各方面的性能指标如检出限,基线漂移及部分响应值等方面与国外产品尚有一定差距(1]。为满足对现场快速分析检测需求,该仪器正朝着小型化,智能化,快速化方向发展,而实现快速化的一个重要手段则是提高色谱柱的程序升温速率(2),但当升溢速率提高后,相应的升温线性度会变差,各阶段的温度超调增加,降低仪器的可重复性,出现峰重叠的现象。因此,如何在快速程序升温的基础上提高升温线性度和降低超调显得尤为重要,而相对于恒温控制来说,勾速升温的控制则较为复杂)。
传统的温度控制技术是采用比例-积分-微分(PID)控制器来实现的i4,5)。戴辰["]采用PID与BangBang混合算法控制程序升温,在恒温控制时能有效减少温度的超调,缩短调节时间,但是对线性升温则略显不足。周黎英等人[7]采用Fuzzy-PID算法对匀速升温进行控制,具有稳定性好,控温精度高等优点"】,但模棚控制规则的建立复杂,需要有丰高的控制经验,且无法克服温度测量滞后所带来的超调间题,尤其是升温速率较高时,这种超调更加明显。
针对上述不足,本文开发了以F28335为核心色谱柱温控系统,设计了温度采集电路。在增量式PID算法基础上,引人温度补偿控制,根据实时升温速率确定补偿大小。
收稿日期:2016-09-21
·基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(61501273);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY16B050002)