ISSN1000 3762 CN41 1148/TH
轴承2016年5期 Bearing 2016,No.5
主轴一球轴承系统的非线性频响研究
农胜隆，高尚晗
（1.广西科技大学鹿山学院，广西柳州545616;2.广西科技大学
季机械工程学院，广西柳州545006）
5-9
摘要：为研究角接触球轴承的负游隙对高速电主轴系统非线性频率响应的影响，首先建立二阶Bemoulli-Euler连续梁模型，结合轴承支承的边界条件得到系统的非线性特征方程组，并借助平均法求解其非线性频响函数，对电主轴系统进行动态响应研究。结果表明：由于角接触球轴承非线性非光滑支承特性的影响，系统频响曲线向右弯曲，硬刚度现象非常明显；在特定的轴承游障条件下，系统频响曲线出现交叉；若减小轴承负游隙值，系统固有频
率将增加，赖响曲线的弯曲程度降低，说明系统的硬刚度特性会随着负游值的增大而下降。关键词：角接触球轴承；Bemoulli-Euler：频响曲线：负游障；刚度
中图分类号：TH133.33;0322
文献标志码：A
文章编号：10003762(2016)05000505
Study onNonlinear Frequency Responses for Spindle-Ball Bearing
System
Nong Shenglong', Gao Shanghan?
(1. Lushan College of Guangxi University of Science and Technology , Liuzhou 545616, China;2. School of
Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University of Scienoe and Technology , Liuzhou 545006, China)
Abstract: The influences of negative clearance of angular contact ball bearings on nonlinear frequency responses of high speed motorized spindle system are studied, Finstly, a second order continuous Bermoulli Euler beam model is built, and the nonlinear characteristic equations for system are obtained combining with boundary conditions for bearing support. The nonlinear frequency response function is solved by using average method, and the dynamic response is studied for mo torized spindle system. The results show that because of the influence of nonlinear and non smooth supporting character-istics of angular contact ball bearings, there is a frequency response curve of system bending to the right, and the hard stiffness phenomenon is obvious. The frequency response curve of system appears crosover under the given bearing clear-ance conditions. The inherent frequency of system increases and the bending degree of frequency response curve reduces with the decrease of negative clearance absolute value of bearings, which indicate that the hard stiffness characteristics of system is decreased with the increase of absolute value of negative clearance.
Key words: angular contact ball bearing: Bernoulli Euler; frequency response curve; negative clearance; stiffness
因摩擦因数小、承载特性好，角接触球轴承广泛应用于高速机床电主轴系统。随着电主轴转速及精度要求的不断提高，需要对电主轴角接触球轴承系统的非线性动态特性进行更深人的研究。
轴承参数对系统非线性动态特性的影响吸弓收稿日期：2015-11-17；修回日期：2016-02-10
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（51105084）；广西自然科学基金项目（2012GXNSFAA053196）
作者简介：农胜隆（1978一），男，实验师，主要从事轴承系统的试验及理论研究，E-mail：nsl0771@163.com。
了众多研究者的注意[]。文献[2-3]将Hertz方程引入球轴承-转子整体系统模型中，研究轴承配置对主轴支承刚度的影响，发现轴承预紧力越大，支承刚度也越大，系统的固有频率也相应增大。文献[4-5]对球轴承支承刚性转子的稳定性问题进行了系统研究，通过相轨迹、庞卡莱映射及功率谱等描述了系统的周期、拟周期、混沌及分岔等振动响应特性，发现轴承内外圈的表面波纹度及钢球数量对转子系统的稳定性及动态响应均有较大影响，钢球表面波纹度的影响可忽略不计。游隙是引起系统非线性动态响应的关键因素，通