储运工程
连鹏国：油气管道安全预警技术性能评估与分析
油气管道安全预警技术性能评估与分析连腾围
摘要：国内管道事故时有发生，严重威胁人们的生命财产安全，固此管道安全预警技术研究越来越受重视。为了实现油气管道长距离安全预警，维护管道安全运行，根据数设方式、传感介质、光学原理以及组成结构的不同，提出了4种光纤传感类管道安全预警系统，即Mach-Zehnder型、Sagnac型、Bragg型和Φ-OTDR型。从光纤数量、工作原理、最大监测距离、检测灵敏度和使用情况等方面进行各项性能指标对比，总结出不同类型的预警技术特点。使用效采分析表明，Φ○TDR型预警系统性价比最高：只需要1芯光纤，单套系统监测最大距离长，并且对微弱振动信号也有较高的检测灵敏度，应用效采好，研究成果在油气长输管道安全预警与防护方面具有较高的参考价值。
关键词：油气管道；安全预警；光纤传感；性能评估 Doi : 10.3969/j.issn.10066896.2017.10.011
Safety Pre-Warning Technology Performance Evaluation and Analysis of Oil and Gas Pipeline
Lian Pengguo
Abstract: Domestic pipeline accidents happen from time to time, which seriously threatens the life and property safety of people, so the research of pipeline safety prewarning technology draws more and more attention. In order to realize the safety prewarning of long distance oil and gas pipelines and maintain the safe operation of the pipeline, dccording to different installation patterns, sensing medi ums, optical principles and structures, four kinds of optical fiber sensing pipeline safety prewarning systems are put forward, namely, the Mach Zehnder type, Sagnac type, Bragg type and OTDR type. All kinds of Performance indicators of the four kinds of systems are compared from aspects such as fiber number, working principle, maximum monitoring distance, detecting sensitivity and using con ditions, thus summarizing the characteristics of different types of prewarning techniques. The analysis of using effect shows that the OTDR type of prewarning system has the highest cost perfor mance.It only needs the optical fiber with one core,
and its maximum monitoring distance of single
set is long. Meanwhile, it also has high detection sensitivity to weak vibration signal, which makes
The study result has high reference value in safety prewarning and protec
the application effect good.
tion of longdistance oil and gas transmission pipeline.
Key words: oil and gds pipeline; safety prewarning; optical fiber sensing; performance evaluation
及投资费用等方面进行了对比，安全预警方法各项
1油气管道安全预警方法
根据近年来油气管道行业安全预警方法使用效果，从不同安全预警技术性能方面做了大量调研，分别从预警灵敏度、定位功能、预警功能、预警距离、反馈时间、误报概率、可维护性、适应效果以
性能参数对比如表1所示。
目前，在管道安全预警方面使用较多的是光纤传感和地震波检测技术，尤其以光纤传感类管道预警技术研究居多，从表1也可看出，光纤传感类预警方法性价比较高，下面对光纤传感类预警技术进行详细介绍-4。
基金论文：国家科技重大专项子课题“油气长输管道优化运行技市研究（2009ZX05038-002)。"中国石油集团工程设计有限责任公司青海分公司
44 万方数据
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