设计研究 1Design&Research
往复压缩机管道系统气柱固有频率的声电模拟王东东，梁灿，白文杰，段权
(西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院，陕西西安710049)
[摘要]：通过对比分析声学系统与电学系统的微分方程，建立了变量间的类比关系，利用MATIAB/Simulink建立管道单元对应的电学模型，进而得到管道系统的气柱固有频率，并且与实验测试结果进行了对比分析。结果表明：利用声电模拟方法计算管道系统气柱固有频率是可行的，在建立管道系统的电学模型时，管道微元的长度与管道单元长度之比小于0.05即可满足工程计算要求；等径直管单元的气柱圈有频率与内径无关，随长度的减小而增大；弯头单元对管道系统的气柱固有频率基本没有影响，在进行声电模拟时可用等长的直管代替；孔板单元使气柱各阶固有频率减小，模拟时可视为单独微元；容积单元主要影响气柱的低阶固有频率，模拟时可将其整体视为电容；支管单元使气柱的各阶固有频率均有一定程度的减小，模拟时可视为并联支路。
[关键词]：往复压编机；气柱固有频率；声电模拟
中图分类号：TH457
文献标志码：A
文章编号：1006-2971(2015)S1-0006-06
Acousto-electric Simulation on Gas Natural Frequency in Reciprocating Compressor Piping System
WANG Dongdong, LIANG Can, BAI Wenjie, DUAN Quan
(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China)
Abstract:The corresponding relationship between the variables of acoustic system and electrical system differential equation was ana-lyzed to build electrical models of pipe units by MATLAB/Simulink. Then the gas natural frequency of piping system was obtained. By comparing the simulated results with the experimental data, it is indicated that acoustoelcctric simulation is feasible to calculate gas natural frequency in piping system, It could meet the needs of engineering calculation when the length ratio of the pipe microu-nit and the pipe unit is less than 0.05. The gas natural frequency of straight pipes is independent of inner diameter, and it increases as length decreases, Elbows have little influence on the gas natural frequeney of piping system, and it could be replaced by straigh pipes of equal length at acoustoelectric simulation. Orifice plates decrease gas natural frequency, and it could be regarnded as single microunits at acousto-electric simulation. Volumes mainly affect low order natural frequency, and it could be treated as capacitors at acoustoelectric simulation, Branch pipes decrease gas natural frequency, and it could be regarded as parallel branches at acous-to-electric simulation.
Key words: reciprocating compressor; gas natural frequency; acoustoelectric simulation
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引信言
往复压缩机作为工业流体输送的动力源，因其具有效率高、造价低廉、制造技术成熟等优点，广泛地应用于石油、化工、制冷等行业。往复压缩机周期性的吸气与排气会对管道内的气柱产生
收稿日期：2015-07-17 06Compressonm
乐缩机技术
激发力，引起管道内气体的压力发生脉动。当激发频率与气柱固有频率接近时会产生较大的压力脉动，从而引起强烈的管道振动。强烈的管道振动对安全生产极为不利，甚至可能引起泄漏或爆炸事故的发生，因此准确地计算管道内的气柱固有频率对于避免气柱共振和消减气流脉动有重要
2015年增刊器