第42卷第11期 Vol. 42No.11
压技
FORGING & STAMPING TECHNOLOGY
齿形件精冲成形时的齿顶塌角分析及措施
匡青云，吕
琳，邓
明
（重庆理工大学机械学院，重庆400054）
2017年11月 Nov.2017
摘要：针对精冲成形齿形件时的齿顶竭角间题，首先分析了齿形零件的几何特征及精冲成形特点，并分析了这些特征与齿形零件精冲时齿顶塌角的关系；将精冲变形区分为2个核心变形区和2个变形影响区，对核心变形区I精冲塌角的形成过程进行了分析。然后，通过有限元模拟软件Deform-3D，找出齿项烯角处材料在成形过程中的流动规律。结果表明：齿项处A面轮
附近的材料沿齿项径向运动，
一部分材料流向齿项外侧；
齿席B、
、C侧附近的材料措其轮线所指向的齿项方向流动。再
次，全面分析了影响精冲齿顶角大小的各种因素，找出压边力和反项力对塌角大小的影响规律，得出反顶力比压边力对控
制塌角的效果更显著。最后，提出了在齿形零件精冲成形过程中减小或消除齿顶角的具体措施对策关键词：齿形零件；精冲；齿顶塌角；Defomm-3D；
反顶力；压边力
DOI: 10. 13330/j. issn. 1000-3940. 2017. 11. 005
中图分类号：TG381
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-3940（2017）11-0026-07
Analysis and measure on tooth crown collapse angle in fine blanking for tooth parts
Kuang Qingyun, Lyu Lin, Deng Ming
( Mechanics Institute, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China)
Abstract : For the problem of the tooth crown collapse angle in fine blanking of tooth parts, firstly, the geometric characteristies of tooth parts and characteristics of fine blanking were analyzed, and the relationship between these features and the collapse angle of tooth parts during fine blanking was also analyzed. Then, the defomation zone of fine blanking was divided into two core deformation zones and two deformation influencing zones, and the forming process of collapse angle in the core deformation zone I was analyzed. Furthermore, the flow law of material at the top of tooth during the foming process was found by the finite element simulation software Deform-3D. The re-sults show that the material near the A surface at the top of tooth moves towand the top of tooth in a radial direction , and a part of material flows to the outside of the addendum. However, the material near the B and C sides flows along the contour line toward the top of tooth. Therefore, a variety of factors affecting the size of tooth crown collapse angle during fine blanking were analyzed again, and the influences of blank holder force and ejection force on the collapse angle were found out. So it is pointed out that the effect of ejection force is more significant than that of blank holder force on controlling collapse angle. Finally, the concrete measures to reduce or eliminate the tooth crown collapse angle during the fine blanking process of tooth parts were put forward.
Key words : tooth parts; fine blanking; collapse angle; Deform-3D; ejection force; blank holder force
图1所示的齿轮、链轮及齿板等齿形零件一般情况下均由精冲工艺加工]。但在齿形件精冲过程中，齿项常出现角现象，一般在中厚板齿形件上较严重，如图2所示。塌角缺陷会造成零件不满足要求，甚至报废，因此，必须在一定程度上抑制齿
收稿日期：20170518；修订日期：20170819
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51375521）；重庆市高校优秀成果转化项目（KJZH14107）
作者简介：匡青云（1993-），男，额土研究生 E-mail: 468929231@ qq com
通讯作者：邓明（1960-），男，额士，教授万方ail：dm@equt.eda.en
使其控制在一定范围[2]。通过分析齿形精
项塌角，
冲的特点和变形区材料流动，应用仿真模拟，对齿顶塌角的产生原因进行研究，弄清影响塌角的因素及规律，得出减少或防止缺陷的相关对策，为精冲齿形件的加工生产提供参考[)。
齿顶塌角的成形原因分析
1.1
齿形零件轮鹿特点与精冲齿项损角
齿形零件的外形与一般零件不同，齿形件齿席由图3所示的齿顶A、齿廊B和C、齿根D这3个部分构成。齿顶面的几何特征决定了在精冲过程中