第43卷第1期 Vol. 43No. 1
假压技木
FORGING & STAMPING TECHNOLOGY
液压复合成形技术在三通件上的应用冯苏乐，徐永超，赵淘，管雅娟，徐爱杰
2018年1月 Jan.2018
（1．上海航天精密机械研究所，上海201600；2.哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨150001）
摘要：利用液压复合成形技术，对数控铣削加工三通件进行工艺改进，针对充液拉深和内高压胀形阶段建立了力学模型，分析了摩擦系数、拉深比、压边力和胀形力等工艺参数对零件成形的影响。通过对液室压力的数值模拟，得到在40MP液压下，充液拉深后零件的壁厚减薄率最小，为27.5%，壁厚最薄处位于凸模圆角区域；并通过液压复合成形工艺，试制出内径
为SR90mm的三通件，成形的三通件酬边处最小壁厚为1.59mm，
通过了液压强度、气密性能等可靠性考核，实现了
1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢球形三通件的整体成形。研究表明，采用液压复合成形技术，三通件的研制周期缩短了8天，材料利用率提高了60%以上，
关键词：液压复合成形；三通件；液室压力；充液拉深；内高压账形 DOI: 10. 13330/j. issn. 1000-3940. 2018. 01. 013
文献标识码：A
中图分类号：TG394
文章编号：1000-3940（2018）01-0072-06
Application of hydraulic compound forming technology for tee part
Feng Sule', Xu Yongchao', Zhao Tao', Guan Yajuan', Xu Aijie
(1. Shanghai Aerospace Research Institute of Precision Machinery, Shanghai 201600 , China
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China)
Abstract : The technology improvement of tee part produced by CNC milling was conducted by hydraulic compound forming technology Then, the mechanical models of hydromechanical deep drawing and intemal high pressure bulging were established, and the influences of friction coefficient, drawing ratio, blank holder force and bulging force, etc. on the forming of part were analyzed. When the hydraulic pressure increased to 40 MPa, the thinning rate of wall thickness after hydnomechanical deep drawing was the minimum of 27. 5% at the punch corner by the numerical simulation of hydraulic pressure. Furthermore, the tee part with a inner diameter of SR90 mm was formed by hydraulic compound forming technology , and the minimum wall thickness in the flange of foming tee part was 1. 59 mm. Thus, the in-tegral forming of spherical tee part of stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti was realixed by assessing the reliability of hydraulic strength and air tight-ness. The results show that the hydraulic compound forming technology reduces the production cycle of tee part for eight days, and the ma-terial utilization is improved up to 60% .
Key words : hydraulic compound foming; tee part; hydraulic pressure; hydromechanical deep drawing; internal high pressure bulging
多通件是运载火箭增压输送系统的重要零件，承担多路管道的汇集分流作用，在实际飞行过程中，承受一定的压力和结构应力，其成形质量的优劣直接影响到火箭增压输送系统的可靠性。根据现有工艺水平，多通件目前采用“锻压毛坏+机械铣切” 及“半球拉深成形+环向焊接”两种方法制造。由于多通件多为异形薄壁件，因此，采用“锻压毛坏+机械铣切”方法，不仅材料损耗量大、浪费严重，同时存在加工周期长、效率低下、零件装夹困
收稿日期：20170713；修订日期：20170928 基金项目：上海航天局型号工艺政关项目（716A-YZ) 作者简介：冯苏乐（1987-），男，额士，工程师
万方懿据ail;fengsuleshikeke@ sina com
难、变形难以控制等问题：采用“半球拉深成形+ 环向焊接”方法，会受到产品结构限制，仅适用于加工主管与支管分布于半球两侧的多通产品，且需强制装配焊接，残余应力大，而对于支管位置高度超过球体平分线的多通件则无法加工。
由于航空航天飞行器对于结构轻量化要求越来越高，各种管路结构件在满足强度指标的条件下要求尽可能薄，因液力成形技术具有柔性化程度高、产品轻量化效果好等优点，被认为是“21世纪最具发展潜力的塑性成形技术之一"1)。哈尔滨工业大学等高校分析了液室压力、补料比等因素对多通管壁厚分布的影响，采用液力成形技术研制出T形三通、Y形三通等变截面多通件，实现了消除焊缝、