
第41卷第2期 Vol. 41No. 2
模具
假压技木
FORGING & STAMPING TECHNOLOGY
基于楔横轧预制坏的中空气门终锻凸模设计
蒋小丹,章争荣,林喜佳
(广东工业大学材料与能源学院,广东广州510006)
2016年2月 Feb.2016
摘要:对中空气门模横轧-模锻成形工艺终锻成形过程中的凸模形状尺寸进行研究。根据预成形毛坏终锻过程的成形特点,设计3种不同初始尺寸的终锻成形凸模,采用实验与模拟相结合的方法研究其对预成形毛坏终银成形过程的影响。模拟结果表明,终锻成形过程中凸模芯轴太短,将出现凸模芯轴前端聚料的现象,导致无法成形出终锻件的盘部型腔尺寸;而实验结果表明,凸模芯轴太长会在实际生产中导致成形后终锻件难以脱模。通过综合模拟与实验结果的分析,获得了凸模芯轴的设计原则,确定了合适的凸模芯轴长度,并且依据该凸模设计原则,进行终锻成形,获得了形状尺寸合理的终锻件。
关键词:中空气门:终锻成形;模具设计:数值模拟 DOI: 10. 13330/j. issn. 1000-3940. 2016. 02. 021
中图分类号:TG315
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000-3940(2016)02-0109-05
Design of final forgingpunchforhollowvalvebased oncrosswedge
rolling preformed blank
Jiang Xiaodan, Zhang Zhengrong, Lin Xijia
( Faculty of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006, China)
Abstract : The punch's shape size in the process of cross wedge rolling and final forging of the hollow valve was studied. According to the characteristics of the performed blank in final forging process, three kinds of final forging punches with different initial dimensions were designed, iand the influences of the punches on the final forging process of preformed blank were studied by combining experiment with mumerical simulation. The simulation results show that if the punch mandrel is too short in the final forging process, the front end of the punch mandrel appears the phenomenon of material gathering, and the cavity dimensions of the final forging cannot be formed. However, the experimental results show that the over-long punch mandrel will lead to the diffieulty of unmold in final forging in the actual produc-tion. According to the analysis on results of both simulation and experiment, the design principle of the punch mandrel was obtained and the appropriate length of the punch mandrel was determined. Based on above research, the reasonable shape and size of the final forging was obtained by the designed punch.
Key words : hollow valve; final forging; mold design; numerical simulation
中空气门是杆部或者盘部中空的一种特殊气门,与实心气门相比,具有质量轻、散热性能好、杆部弯曲强度高等优点1]。中空气门包括杆部中空气门和盘部中空气门两种类型,如图1所示。气门类型不同,其成形方式也不同。杆部中空气门是先成形出实心气门毛坏,再采用深孔钻加工出杆部中心孔;而盘部中空气门,国内主要是先成形出实心气门,再采用机加工配合深孔钻的方法从气门盘端面进行
收稿日期:20150721;修订日期:20151026
基金项目:广东省“扬帆计划”引进创新创业团以专项资联(201312G02)
作者简介:蒋小丹(1990-),女,额士研究生 E-mail: 528874370@ q- com
加工;国外则是采用反挤压法,在成形的过程中,将已准备好的锥形芯棒打人红热的圆柱坏料中心,挤压完成后拨出芯棒成形出气门的内腔形状,但这种方法挤压力大,所需设备吨位大,且挤压过程模具磨损严重,在国内难以推广[2-3]。对于采用实心气门进行深孔钻等机加工方式得到的中空气门,由于这种工艺具有工序多,生产效率较低,模具寿命短,钻头磨损严重,且容易产生折叠、裂纹、变形不均等多种质量问题,产品质量难以保证[4-6]
为了解决目前中空气门成形过程所存在的问题,结合管坏楔横轧成形工艺的特点,国内正在研究采用热轧无缝钢管进行楔横轧加工,以获得中空气门的预成形毛坏,再经锻造工艺成形出中空气门锻件,