第42卷第8期 Vol.42No.8
假压技术
FORGING &STAMPING TECHNOLOGY 2205双相不锈钢锻造失效分析
2017年8月 Aug-2017
张满满2，赵子文12，祁庆花12，王亚安",2，宋道春23，麻晓峰2,3，史伟2.4（1.兰州兰石能源装备工程研究院有限公司，甘肃兰州730314；2.甘肃省高端铸锻件工程技术研究中心，甘肃兰州730314；
3．兰州兰石铸锻有限责任公司，甘肃兰州730314；4．兰州兰石检测技术有限公司，甘肃兰州730314）
摘要：针对2205双相不锈钢在实际工业化生产中出现的锻造失效间题进行了研究。采用10tEAF-A0D双联工艺冶炼2205 双相不锈钢，浇注2支4.2t钢锭。钢锭化学成分合格，表面质量良好，但在锻造开坏过程中，钢锭表面出现大量横向裂纹，导致锻件产品报废。利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及能谱分析仪等，对2205双相不锈钢在锻造过程中出现的裂纹缺陷进行金相组织、截面形貌及能谱分析。结果表明：2205双相不锈钢锻造失效主要原因是，锻前加热过程中，在850℃进行了时效处理，析出大量脆性相，导致钢的塑韧性急剧下降，受到变形力作用后表面严重开裂：热加工过程中，2205双相不锈钢在 6001000℃湿度范围内应快速升湿，不宜傲时效处理，避免凸相析出，恶化钢的力学性能。
关键词：2205双相不锈钢；锻造；失效；α相；时效处理裂纹 DOI: 10. 13330/j. issn. 1000-3940. 2017. 08. 002
中图分类号：TG316.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-3940（2017）08-0006-06
Forging failure analysis on duplex stainless steel 2205
Zhang Xiaoxiaol-, Zhao Ziwen'-2, Qi Qinghua'-2, Wang Yaan'-2, Song Daochun23, Ma Xiaofeng-3, Shi Wei?2.(1. Lanzhou LS Energy Equipment Engineering Institute Co. , Lad. , Lanzhou 730314, China; 2. Gansu Province Engineering Technology Research Center of High end Castings and Forgings, Lanzhou 730314, China; 3. Lanzhou LS Casting and Forging
Co. , Lid. , Lanzhou 730314, China; 4. Lanzhou LS Testing Technology Co. , Ltd. , Lanzhou 730314, China)
Abstract : The forging failure problem of duplex stainless steel 2205 in actual industrial proxduction was studied. Then, two 4. 2 tons steel ingots were poured by 10 t EAF AOD duplex smelting process, and the chemical composition of ingot was qualified and the surface qual-ity was good. But in the process of forging billet, the ingot surface appeared a lot of lateral cracks resulting in forging products scrapped. Therefore, the defects of duplex stainless steel 2205 during the forging process were studied by means of metallographic microscope, scan ning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show that the reason of forging failure of duplex stainless steel 2205 was that the aging treatment was conducted at 850 °C during the heating process before forging, and a large amount of α brittle phase were precipitated to result in the decrease of plastic toughness of steel and serere cracking of surface by defomation force. Furthermore, duplex stainless steel 2205 should be heated rapidly during the temperature range 600 1000 °C in hot working process, and the aging
treatment should not be conducted to avoid the α phase precipitation worsening the mechanical properties of steel. Key words : duplex stainless steel 2205 ; forging; failure; c phase; aging treatment cracks
双相不锈钢是指固溶组织由铁素体与奥氏体双
收稿日期：20161220；修订日期：20170212 基金项目：甘省科技计划资助项目（2015GS05896）作者简介：张谦潇（1990-），男，硕士，工程师 E-mail: sciencezxx@ 163. com
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万方数据
相组成、铁素体和奥氏体各约占50%、一般较少相的含量最少也需达到30%的不锈钢。双相不锈钢兼有铁素体不锈钢和奥氏体不锈钢的优点，与铁素体不锈钢比，其韧性高、脆性转变温度低、耐晶间腐蚀和焊接性能好，同时保留了铁素体钢导热系数高、
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