
现代制造工程2010年第8期
设备设计/诊断维修/再制造
流固耦合效应对输液管道的振动影响研究
杨大伟,谢敬华,田科
(中南大学现代复杂装备设计与极端制造教育部重点实验室,长沙410083)
摘要:压力管道系统中存在流体和结构之间的耦合振动。在考虑流固耦合效应的情况下,应用ADINA中流固耦合分析程、压力突变和约束的施加以及模型参数选择等。依据仿真结果,分析了压力突变、管道模型和简支等因系对管道振动的影响。有压流动对管道横向和轴向振动的影响受到支承条件的影响,固支数量的增多有助于消减压力突变等因素引
起的管道振动,管道及流体参数的合理选取等也对振动有重要影响。关键词:输液管道;流固耦合:动力学分析;简支
中图分类号:TTH2文献标识码:A文章编号:1671—3133[2010)08—0144—05
Effect of the fluid structureinteractionfor
fluidpipelineimpactand study YANG Da-wei,XIE Jing-hua,TIAN Ke
( Key Laboratory of Moderm Complex Equipment Design and Extreme manufacturing:
Central South University,Ministry of Education,Changsha 410083,China)
Abstract: The vibration between fluid and structural were presented in conveying fluid piping system. Based on the Fluid Struc-ture Interaction( FSI )theory,a finite element model was established for long straight conveying fluid piping system by using ADI-NA-FSI analysis solver. The processes of pipe modeling and fluid modeling,FSI computing process pressure jump ,the selection of boundary condition and model parameter were considered. According to the result of computer simulation , influence factors forego-ing were proved:the vibration was effected by the supporting condition on both the axial direction and radial direction; the de-crease of pressure jump is accompanied by raising the number of simply supporting; the vibration was impacted with proper selec-tion of the pipe and fluid parameters.
Key words : piping system conveying fluid ; fluid structure interaction; dynamics analysis ; simply supporting
输液管道中的油击同题越来越引起人们的重视[1.2]。油击在管道运行中是时有发生的一种特殊的现象。当阀门突然关闭或开启、负载突然变化或者突然停电、停泵等情况发生时,油液流速和动量会迅速变化,从而号起压力急剧升高或降低的交替变化现象。油液压力作用在管壁上,便管子发生振动。从油击综合实验(在实验台做过相关实验并测得相关数据)中可以看到,油液流动时,当突然受到阻力,流速会发生变化,从而产生油击。这种大幅度的压力波动,往往会弓起管道的强烈振动、阀产门破坏、管道接头断开和管道爆裂等重大事敌,也可能出现这种波动压力与其他周期现象发生共振。同时,由于便用的输液
+国家973重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB714004) 144
管道越来越长,压力波行进周期对压力反馈的影响比较明显[3.4]。因此,建立长管道液压系统下稳定流的压力波行进周期和幅值波动仿真模型,分析管道弹性、液体惯性和压缩性对液控系统稳定性及快速响应性的影响,将对有压管油击问题的研究有较大的实际价值。
在管道振动分析中,有限元法的应用也越来越广泛[5.6]。本文应用有限元软件ADINA中流固耦合分析求解器ADINA-FSI,建立有压输液管道振动的有限元模型,模拟其在不同约束条件下由于阀门作用或负载突变等因素引起的流固耦合现象了了,进而依据有限元模拟结果,分析压力突变、管道参数和简支等对