第53卷第10期 2017年5月
机械工程学报
JOURNALOFMECHANICALENGINEERING
DOI:10.3901/JME.2017.10.151
Vol.53 May
海上湿气对风力机叶片气动特性影响初探
岳巍澎1,2刘燕3薛宇3
（1.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院北京102206： 2.国网新源张家口风光储示范电站有限公司张家口075000
3.中国大唐集团科学技术研究院北京100040)
No.10 2017
摘要：以海上风电场高湿度环境为背景，假设湿空气为空气和小液滴的混合气体，基于欧拉壁面膜模型计算旋转状态下的三维风力机叶片的气动特性，着重分析三维旋转条件下水滴在叶片表面的分布及其对叶片气动性能的影响。研究发现，随湿度增大，叶片功率和推力减小，湿气主要影响风力机叶片的表面摩擦阻力，对叶片的表面压力系数影响较小。通过计算各种条件下叶片表面液滴收集、冲击特性，获得了叶片局部的液滴收集效率，通过分析液滴/颗粒在不同条件下碰撞冲击叶片表面的位置，为开发防水、防覆冰叶片涂层等有针对性的防护措施提供理论支持。
关键词：湿空气：海上风力机：气动性能：欧拉模型中图分类号：TK83：TG156
PreliminaryStudyontheEffectofMoistureontheAerodynamic
CharacteristicsofWindTurbineBlades
YUE Weipeng'.2LIU Yan"XUE Yu3
(1. School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering: North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206;
2.ZhangjiakouWind and Solar Power Energy Demonstration Station Co., Ltd.
State Grid Xin Yuan Company, Zhangjiakou 075000;
3. China Datang Corporation Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100040)
Abstraet: Offshore wind farm high humidity environment as the background, hypothesis of moist air is a mixture of dry air and small droplets, using Euler wall film model calculation of rotating three-dimensional wind turbine blade aerodynamic characteristics analyses emphatically the influence of moisture on the aerodynamic performance of blade and the distribution of water droplets at blade surface under the condition of three-dimensional rotation. The study found that, with the increase of humidity, the blade power and thrust decreases. The main effect of moisture on the friction of blade surface, in comparison, the impact of pressure on the blade surface is small. By calculating the blade surface droplet collection efficiency at various conditions, it is helpful to prevent the wind turbine blades from the ice and remove the ice. Furthermore, understanding the location of droplets/particles collision the blade
surface at various conditions is helpful to the blade manufacturers or the wind farm owner to have the targeted protection blade. Key words: moist air: offshore wind turbine; aerodynamic performance; Eulerian wall film model
典型风力发电机组的性能受周围环境条件的影响：
0前言
由于全球气候变暖和能源危机，可再生能源发挥作用越来越重要，风能由于其相对较低的成本和较低的环境影响是一种最有前途的可再生能源。
*国科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAA01B01)。20160621收到初稿，
20170327收到修改稿万方数据
气象参数，如风速、环境温度、相对湿度、空气压力等直接影响风力发电机组的功率输出。随着风电技术的持续发展，一些原来忽略的风电主题和问题逐渐被重视，比如湿气、低温、结冰等，在实际运行过程中甚至危机风力机的安全和效率(2-3)。
空气中旋转的风力机叶片，表面会集聚附着各种粒子，包括昆虫、尘土、油滴、苔藓等，海上风