2013年4月上第42卷第7期
DOI:10. 7672/sgjs2013070085
施工技术
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
砂卵石地层盾构施工振动环境影响测试分析
波’,刘璐'
黄俊张
（1.北京工业大学城市与工程安全减灾教育部重点试验室，北京100124；
2.北京城建勘测设计研究院有限责任公司，北京100101）
【摘要】为研究北京砂卵石地层中盾构施工所引起的地表振动间题，对北京地铁10号线二期公主坟一西钓鱼台区间隧道施工现场进行振动测试。通过对报动实测数据进行分析，总结盾构施工时地表振动频域特点及振动衰减规律，并对探动产生的地表环境影响进行初步评价。研究表明：盾构施工引起的地层振动频带较宽，中线测点主频集中于30~90Hz范围内；振动波传播过程中高频部分被过滤，较远处测点摄动主频降低至30~50Hz。地面人员对刀盘附近振动感知非常明显，监测到的加速度极值达到0.49m/s；垂直振动幅值与水平向幅值处于同--量级，并随着远离刀盘面不断衰减。
【关键词】隧道工程；盾构；地铁；砂卵石地层；地表振动；衰减规律
中图分类号】TU413;U451.5
【文献标识码］A
[文章编号】1002-8498(2013)07-0085-04
Field-test Research on the Surface Vibration Caused by
ShieldConstructioninSandGravelLayer
Huang Jun',Zhang Bo', Liu Lu"
(1. The Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering, Ministry of Education,
Bejing Unitersity of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; 2. Bejing Urban Construction Exploration & Sureying
Design Research Institute Co. , Ld. , Bejing 100101, China)
Abstract: To study the surface vibration caused by shield tunnel construction in sand gravel layer of Beijing district, field tests were carried out on the surface vibration along the segment from Gongzhufeng Station to West Diaoyutai Station of the running tunnel of metro line 10. With analysis to the measured vibration data, frequency domain characteristic and vibration atenuation law induced by shield tunnel construction were summarized. A preliminary evaluation of environmental impact was also conducled The research shows that the ground staff can obviously perceive vibrations near the cutter head. Frequency band of the vibration induced by shield tunnel construction is relatively wide. The main frequeney of vibration monitored in the central line is distributed within 30 90Hz. High frequency is filtered in vibration wave propagation process and the main frequency reduced to 30 ~50Hz. The extreme value of acceleration is about O. 49m/s2. Vertical vibration amplitude and horizontal amplitude are in the same order of magnitude, and attenuate when propagating away from the cutter head.
Key words:tunnel; shield; subways; sand gravel layer; surface vibration; attenuation law
由于盾构法修建地铁区间隧道时具有对地层扰动小、地面沉降控制好、施工机械化程度高、安全性好等优点，在北京地铁隧道工程中的应用越来越广泛。砂卵石地层中存在着不均匀颗粒，盾构掘进时刀盘切割土体产生较大碰撞而引起较大振动，振动传到地表，产生较大的环境影响，特别是对线路穿越居民区及对振动有特殊控制要求的构筑物时，
*北京市自然科学基金重点项目(8111001)资助
【作者简介】黄俊，博士研充生，E-mail；hjyq520@163.com
【收稿日期】2012-09-04 万方数据
85
问题显得更加突出。中南大学的张魁对岩石地层盾构施工的研究表明岩石特有的破碎特征使得滚刀在切削过程中不可避免地发生振动，其振动特性与刃底所受激振力有关。Nelson曾用该罪函数对布法罗LRRT隧道据进机的数据进行计算并用最小二乘法进行拟合，得出了一个确定系数为0.85。然而，针对在砂卵石地层中盾构施工产生振动的研究基本没有，尤其是振动在砂卵石地层中的传播衰减规律和振动的控制标准目前还没有相关的研究和标准可依。