粉煤灰综合利用
FLY ASH COMPREHENSIVE UTILIZATION
2017NO.6 试验与应用
正交设计优化粉煤灰－煤研石质多孔陶粒的制备过程
Optimization of Preparation Process of Fly Ash-coal Gangue Porous Ceramsite by Orthogonal Design
杨艳茹，王杰，麻永林，王军
（内蒙古科技大学，包头市014000）
摘要：以粉煤灰为主要原料，采用添加造孔剂法制备出了多孔陶粒。为了优化工艺参数，得到性能较好的粉煤灰多孔陶粒，通过正交试验设计，系统地研究了煤研石的掺量、成孔剂、烧结温度对多孔陶粒的物理化学性能的影响，如气孔率、吸水率、抗压碎强度、物相组成和显微形貌等。研究结果表明，成孔剂是影响多孔陶粒性能的最主要因素。当煤研石掺量20%、成孔剂15%，经1160℃烧成的多孔陶粒样品有着较大的抗压碎强度，显气孔率也达到58.22%。样品的晶相组成为钙长石，及少量的方石英和赤铁矿。其内部孔隙丰富，大孔与小孔交错分布，是一种兼具较高气孔率和较强力学强度的优质多孔陶瓷，
关键词：粉煤灰；煤研石；多孔陶粒；气孔率：抗压强度
中图分类号：TQ174
文献标识码：A
文章编号：10058249（2017）06001105
Yang Yanru, Wang Jie,Ma Yonglin,Wang Jun
(Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou City,014000)
Abstract:The porous ceramsite was prepared by adding pore forming agent with fly ash being main raw material., In order to eontrol and optimize the process and obtain the porous ceramsite with excellent performance, the orthogonal experiment was made to research the effects of gangue content, poreforming agent content and sintering temperature on the physical and chemical properties, such as porosity, water absorption, crushing strength, phase composition and microstructure, The results show that the poreforming agent content is the most important factor on the characteristic of porous ceramsite, When the amount of coal gangue is 20% and the pore foming agent 15%, the porous ceramsite samples sintered at 1160 h have larger crushing strengh and the apparent porosity reaches 58.22%.The crystal phase composition of the sample is anothite, and its internal pores is three dimensional connectivity, evenly distributed in the sample,which is a both high porosity and strong mechanical strength of high-quality porous ceramic.
Keywords: fly ash; coal gangue; porous ceramsite; porosity: compressive strength
多孔陶瓷是一种经高温烧成、内部具有大量彼此相通的孔隙结构的陶瓷材料。因其具有低密度、较大的比表面积、耐高温、抗腐蚀、耐热冲击、机械强度高、使用寿命长等优良特性而受到人们的重视，已被广泛应用于化工、能源、环保、冶金及生物等部门。作为过滤、分离、布气、吸音、催化剂载体等
·基金项目：包头市科技局重点科技发展项目（项目编号 2015Z20101)
作者简介：杨艳茹，女，（1992年～）研究生，现从事多孔陶瓷方向。Email：yangyanrurun@sina.com
收稿日期：2017-08-02 万方数据
材料【1-7】，多孔陶瓷的应用范围仍在不断地进一步发展，前景十分乐观。我国科研工作者在多孔陶瓷的制备与应用都取得了长足进步。如：Zhang等人【*】利用冷冻铸造以及溶胶凝胶法制备出了一种导热率低至 0.260W/（m·K）的新型硅胶Y,SiO，多孔陶瓷，可用作高温绝缘材料。邓健等(9)通过注浆成型结合真空发泡制备出具有明显梯度结构的多孔氮化硅陶瓷，可实现大尺寸复杂形貌材料的制备。但商品化的多孔陶粒对原料要求纯度高，制备工艺复杂，限制了多孔陶瓷在工业上的推广应用。
粉煤灰和煤研石与制作陶瓷的粘土类原料相近，
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