2010年2月第39卷第2期
施工技术
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
郑西客运专线富水黄土隧道防排水技术
薛富春，马建林，颜利平”刘智毅，陈冲，程琴辉
(1.西南交通大学土木工程学院，四川成都610031；2.洛杉矶水电局，美国加州
190012）
【摘要】位于富水地层中的隧道，施工期间的防排水措施一直是工程界的难题。如果处理不当，会造成土体软化和泥化，导致地基土承裁力降低和变形加大，对隧道结构极为不利。以铁道部科技研究开发计划重大课题为依托，结合郑西客运专线张茅隧道的短台阶七步开挖法，提出了“封闭开挖面、明流集中引排、保护地基土、喷射混凝土早强的防排水措施。现场试验表明，该措施有效减缓了富水黄土图岩的渗水，保护了黏性土围岩，减轻了拱脚和隧
底土体的软化程度和范围，减小了富水黄土围岩的沉降，保障了隧道施工的安全。【关键调】富水黄土隧道；防排水措施；软化；沉降
[中图分类号】TU443;U459.1
【文献标识码】A
[文章编号］1002-8498(2010)02-0089-04
WaterproofingandDrainageTechnologyResearchin Water-richLoessTunnelDuringConstructionfor
Zhengzhou-XianPassengerDedicatedLine
Xue Fuchun', Ma Jianlin', Yan Liping', Liu Zhiyi', Chen Chong', Cheng Qinhui(1. School of Cinil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong Unitersity, Chengdu, Sichuan610031, China;
2.Los Angeles Department of Water and Power,Los Angeles, CA90012, USA.)
Abstract: Waterproofing and drainage measures during construction period has been the engineering difficult problems for tunnels located in soil layers. If they are not dealt properly, softening and mudding of soil may occur, leading soil bearing capacity to reduce drastically and large deformation, which is significantly unfavorable to tunnel structure. Based on the important scientific research and development program of the Chinese Ministry of Railway. Meanwhile, combined with the short-stage-seven-step excavation method, waterproofing and drainage measures are proposed under closure of the excavation face, concentration of prescribed flow and drainage, protection of foundation soil, early strength of shotcrete. Some attempts are made and related quantitative data are given. Field tests show that seepage is slowed down, country rock of clay is protected, the extent and scope of soil under invert arc are mitigated,settlement of water-rich loess is reduced, the safety of tunnel construction is guaranteed by taking the above measures.
Key words:water-rich loess tunnel; waterproofing and drainage measure; softening; settlement
工程概况 1
郑州至西安铁路客运专线是我国在黄土地区新建的设计350km/h的第一条客运专线，也是世界上第一条在黄土地区建设的高速铁路。全线隧道共计38座，总长约77km，其中黄土隧道50km。位于地下水位以下的有交口隧道和张茅道。张茅隧道是全线最长最具典型性的隧道，是本线的关键工程。
张茅隧道位于河南省三门峡市（见图1），进口里程为DK218+630，出口里程为DK227+080，隧道长
8450m，最大埋深180m，最浅埋深10m。万方数据
89
张茅隧道为典型的富水黄土隧道，地下水水头高出拱顶最大约20m。黏质黄土围岩垂直节理发育，含丰富的孔隙水，天然含水量23%，饱和度达95%，开挖面积170m（见图2），隧道对地基稳定性要求极高，铺无碑轨道后的沉降不得超过15mm。黄土圈岩的部分
【收稿日期】2009-09-11
【基金项目】铁进部科技研究开发计划重大课题（2005K001-D(G)-3)
【作者简介】薛富春，西南交通大学土木工程学院博士研究生，四川省成都市二环路北一段111号酉南交通大学土木工程学院岩土工程系610031，电话：13981918355，E-mail;0cean2008xfc@163.com