植物营养与肥料学报2011,17(3)：630-637 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
不同密闭材料硫包衣尿素氮素释放特性
及对夏玉米生长的影响
谷佳林"2，徐凯3，付铁梅”，张东雷3，修国香3
罗军3，佟二建3，衣文平2，徐秋明2*
（1河北农业大学农学院，河北保定071001；2北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所，北京100097；
3北京市房山区农业科学研究所，北京100115）
摘要：通过静态水溶法和田间土培法，研究了分别采用石蜡和脉醛树脂作为密闭材料的硫包衣尿素养分释放特性；并通过田间试验研究这两种硫包衣尿素对夏玉米生长、产量、氮系利用效率、土壤硝态氮残留和净收益的影响。结
养分释放速率达到了中华人民共和国化工行业标准中硫包衣尿素（型）的条件指标。由于肥料所处环境条件的不同，SCUA和SCUB均表现出静态水溶法氮素养分落出速度快于田间土培法的测定值，且SCUA养分释放速度略快于SCUB。利用脲醛树脂作为硫包衣尿素的密闭材料较石蜡制造每吨肥料原料成本降低49.39元。夏玉米田间试验中SCUA和SCUB减量30%处理玉米的植株生长及产量与普通尿紫当地习惯施肥尤显著性差异，且可以显著提高氮肥表观利用率，分别达到了40.45%和42.59%；收获时普通尿素当地习惯施肥处理(CK1）及减量30%处理（CK2）60一100cm土壤硝态氮含量显著高于硫包衣尿素处理。SCUA和SCUB在相同用量的情况下，净收益差异不显著，且减30%的情况下仍可获得与普通尿素当地习惯施肥量相当的净收益。以脉醛树脂替代石蜡作为硫包衣尿素密闭材料是可行的，能达到节本增效的作用。
关键词：硫包衣尿素；密闭材料；夏玉米；产量：氮索利用率
中图分类号：S145.5；S513.01
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2011)03-0630-08
Nitrogenreleasecharacteristicsof differenthermeticmaterial sulfur
coatedureaandtheireffectsonsummermaize GU Jia-lin 1,, XU Kai", FU Tie-mei', ZHANG Dong-lei', TONG Guo-xiang
LUO Jun', TONG Er-jian', YI Wen-ping”, XU Qiu-ming**
(1 College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural Unisersity, Baoding 071001, China;
2 Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing/00097, China;
3 Institude of Agricultural Science of Fangshan District, Beijing 100115, Chine)
Abstract: The trials of nutrient release characteristics of different sulfur coated urea which coated with paraffin(SCUA) and urea formaldehyde colophony (SCUB) were studied by water extraction and soil incubation methods. At the same time, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of SCUA and SCUB on plant growth,yield nitrogen utilization efficiency and net benefits of summer maize, and the soil residual nitrate nitrogen. The results show that the nitrogen release curves of SCUA and SCUB are linear relationships with the time,and the nitrogen re-lease rate is under the national chemical industry standard of SCU( I types). The nitrogen released rates of SCUA and SCUB in water are faster than those of buried in the field for the different environmental conditions. And the re-
收稿日期：2010-07-02
接受日期：2011-01-11
基金项目：北京市农科院青年基金项月(2007020414)；北京市优秀人才培养项目(20071D020500055)；北京市科委基于创新型乡镇建设的农
业新技术研究与示范项月（2080005032508024）资助。
作者简介：谷佳林（1979一），男，河北承德人，助理研究员，主要从事级/控释肥料的研究。
Tel: 010 51503328, E-mail: gujalin2008@ yahoo. com. cn。
万方数据
率通讯作者Tel;01051503328，E-mail：yingkk@sina.com