植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(1)：92-98 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
红壤地区三种母质土壤熟化过程中
有机质的变化特征
于寒青1,2，孙楠2，吕家珑"，高菊生2，徐明岗2*，王伯仁2
（1西北农林科技大学，陕西杨凌712100；
2中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室，北京100081)）
摘要：在潮南祁阳进行了25年的生土熟化长期定位试验，研究花岗岩、第四纪红士和紫色砂页岩三种典型母质土壤在6种熟化方式下耕层(0一20cm)土壤有机质演变特征。结果表明，不施肥处理土壤有机质含量25年没有显著变化；不施肥秸轩还田能够缓慢增加土壤有机质含量，三种母质(花岗岩、第四纪红土和紫色砂页岩)土壤的有机质含量年平均增加最分别为0.32、0.20和0.17g/kg；施氮、磷、钾肥及施氮、磷、钾肥并秸秆还田，施有机物耀草及施有机物稻草并秸秆还田，三种母质土壤有机质含量均显著增加，其中以施氮、碳、钾肥并秸秆还田处理增加最大，年平均增加量分别为0.48、0.39和0.35g/kg，25年后土壤有机质含量分别增加了5.6、2.8和3.1倍。根据土壤有机物的投人量、分解状况及作物生长等综合分析得出，花岗岩母质土填有机质含量的增加速率大于紫色砂页岩土壤和第四纪红土土壤；有机无机肥配施和秸秆还用是快速提高南方红壤地区不同母质土填有机质含量的重要措施。关键调：秸秆还田；长期施肥；有机质；生土熟化；红填
中图分类号：S155.2*5；S158.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2010)01-0092-07
Organicmatterchangesinthreeparentsoilswithdifferentlong-term
fertilizationsinred soil regions of southern China
YU Han-qingl· 2, SUN Nan?, LI Jia-long', GAO Ju-sheng, XU Ming-gang'', WANG Bo-ren?
(1 Northwest Agricultwral and Forestry Unitersity, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, Ching;
2 Institue of Agriculural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/
Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Ministry of Agriculture of China Bejing 100081, China)
Abstract: Soil organic matter changes in the 020 cm soil layer of Granite red soil, Quatemary red clay soil and Purple sandy shale soil were studied by using a long-term field experiment from 1982 to 2007 at Qiyang long-term raw soils anthropogenic mellowing field experiment site. There were 6 fertilizer treatments in the experiment. Results indicated tha there are not any significant increases of soil organic matter contents in the no-fertilizer treatments, and there are slow increases of soil organic matter in the no-fertilization-straw retumed treatments and annual increasing rates of the three soils are were 0.32, 0.20 and 0.17 g/kg, respectively. There are significant increases of soil organic matter contents in the chemical fertilization treatments, chemical fertilization-straw retumed treatments, dry rice straw treatments and dry rice straw straw retumed treatments, especially in the chemical-straw retumed treatment, and the annual increasing rates of the three soil are 0.48, 0.39 and 0.35 g/kg in the dry rice straw straw retumed treatments. In general, the increasing rate of Granite red soil is higher than that of Quatemary red clay soil and Purple sandy shale soil, respectively, This result suggests that the combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers, and straw retumed is an effective measure of increasing soil organic matter.
Key words: straw retumed; long-term fertilization; organic matter; anthropogenic mellowing of raw soils; red soil
收稿日期：20081230
接爱日期：2009-06-08
基金项目：国家"863"计划项目(2006AA107A17)；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2007-15)；国家"十一五"重点科技支
撑计划项目（2006BAD05B09、2006BAD02A14)资助。
作者简介：于寒青（1983一），女，陕西岐山人，硕士研究生，主要从事长期施肥土填肥力演变研究。E-mail；chunlini@126.com
通讯作者E-mail：mgxu@eas.ac.cn
万方数据