
工艺技术
第43卷第1期 2013年1月
涂料工业
PAINT&COATINGS INDUSTRY
引发剂对核壳型复合乳液合成及性能影响的研究马建中,吴喜元,鲍艳,王华金(陕西科技大学资源与环境学院,西安710021)
Vol.43No.1 Jan.2013
摘要:采用半连续种子乳液聚合法合成了核壳型聚丙始酸酯复合乳液,系统考累了引发剂(过硫酸铵)用量对乳液聚合过程中单体转化率、聚合稳定性、乳胶粒粒径及其分布、乳液黏度及Zeta电位的影响,探讨了其内在影响机制,并采用红外(FT-IR)、差示扫描量热(DSC)及透射电镜(TEM)对乳胶粒的结构进行了表征。结果表明:乳胶粒的Zeta 电位随着引发剂过硫酸铵用量的增加面增大:合适的引发剂用量可使合成的复合乳胶粒粒径较小且粒径分布较窄;引发剂用量较大会使复合乳胶粒在聚合过程中发生聚并,但所得乳液在贮存过程中稳定性较好;当引发剂用量为0.4%
-0.8%(占单体混合物的质量分数)时,单体均能参与反应,极少有残余,并且所得乳液呈明显的核壳结构。关键词:核壳结构:引发剂;复合乳液:聚丙烯酸酯
中图分类号:TQ630.4*3
文献标识码:A
文章编号:02534312(2013)01-004405
Effect of Initiator on Synthesis and Properties
of Core-Shell Compound Latex Ma Jianzhong, Wu Xiyuan, Bao Yan, Wang Huajin
(College of Resoures and Enrironment, Shanxi Unirersity of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China)
Abstract:The core - shell polyacrylate compound latexes were synthesized through semicontinuous see-ding emulsion polymerization. The effects of initiator dosage (ammonium persulfate) on monomer conver-sion, polymerization stability, latex particle size and its distribution, emulsion viscosity and Zeta potential were investigated, and the underlying mechanisms were discussed. The core - shell particles were character-ized by FT - IR, DSC and TEM. The results showed that the latex particles' Zeta potential was in direct pro-portion to the amount of ammonium persulfate, Smaller latex particle size and narrow size distribution could be obtained using proper ammonium persulfate dosage in the polymerization process. However, large amount of ammonium persulfate would lead to coalescence of composite latex particles in the polymerization process, but better latex storage stability. When the amount of initiator was 0. 4% ~0. 8% (mass fraction in monomer mixture), all monomers could participate in reaction with few residual. DSC and TEM determinations showed that the final latexs were core shell structure.
Key Words:core shell structure; initiator; compound latex; polyacrylate
随着各国环保法规的日益严格和人们环保意识的增强,传统的溶剂型涂料中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的排放愈来愈受到限制,安全环保的水性涂料越来越得到人们的重视以聚合物乳液为基料的乳胶涂料作为水性涂料的主要品种得到了飞速发展。聚丙烯酸酯乳液因具有优良的耐候性、保光性、粘结性以及耐化学品性,在纺织、皮革、造纸、建筑等领域得到广泛应用2-3]。但目前大量使用的常规乳液其粒子形态通常为均相结构,尚不能解决高硬度和低温成膜性、硬度和柔韧性、弹性及耐沾污性之间的矛盾,限制了乳胶涂料的更大范
围应用
通过粒子设计,赋予乳胶粒不同的核壳组分,可显著提高聚合物乳液的力学性能、耐候性、耐污性以及抗回粘性等,也可以显著改善聚合物乳液的施工性能(0]。然面,核壳乳液聚合过程较常规乳液聚合过程复杂,且核壳乳液聚合过程的稳定性、单体转化率及乳胶粒粒径及其分布对乳液的性能都有很大的影响。本研究主要就引发剂过硫酸铵对核壳型复合乳液的合成及性能影响进行了详细研究,并探讨了其内在的影响机制。
【基全项目】获国家自然科学基金(51073091,21006061):教育部窄英东高等院校青年教师基全(131108):陕西者科技计划项目(2011kjxx01);段
西科技大学研究生创新基金资助项目
作者简介:马建中(1960),男,教技,博导,主要从事乙烯基聚合物类精细化学品的研究, 44