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第41卷第5期 2011年5月
涂料工业
PAINT&COATINGSINDUSTRY
涂料用自乳化型硝化棉乳液的制备与性能研究
Vol.41No.5 May2011
马素德，郭焱”，宋国林”，苗宗成，王登武’（1.西京学院基础部，西安710123；2.西安交通大学能动学院化工系，西安710049；3，清华大学深圳研究生院新材料研究所，广东深圳518055）
摘要：硝基涂料尽管具有诸多优势，但因其VOC较高面临被限制基至禁止使用的境地，将硝基涂料的主要成膜物质硝化棉水性化是降低乃至消除VOC的有效手段。本研究通过在硝化棉分子中引人亲水基团的方法制备了自乳化型水性硝化棉乳液，通过正交试验及其极差分析、均匀试验及其回归分析得出了最佳合成条件，并利用红外光谱、 TEM、粒径分析仪、Zeta电位仪等对产物进行了表征。结果表明：所得水性硝化棉分子保留了原硝化棉的主体结构，乳液具有良好的稳定性，乳液粒子分散性良好且粒径均匀，表干时间为20min左右。该乳液已在烟盒涂料等领域获得了应用，今后有望应用于水性硝基涂料。
关键词：自乳化；硝化棉；乳液
中图分类号：TQ637.81
文献标识码：A
文章编号：0253-4312(2011)05-0010-05
Study on the Preparation and Properties of
Self-Emulsified NitrocelluloseEmulsion for Coatings Ma Sude',Guo Yan’,Song Guolin',Miao Zongcheng',Wang Dengwu
(1. Department of Basic Courses,Xijing University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710123, China; 2.Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy and Power,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710049, China
3.Aduanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen,Tsinghua Uniersity, Shenzhen Guangdong,518055,China) Abstract:The applications of NC coatings are restricted or prohibited due to the high contents of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the coatings although the coatings possess many outstanding properties. It's an effective way to reduce high VOC by turming the binder of the coatings to a waterbased system. By intro-ducing hydrophilic group into the nitrocellulose molecules, a self - emulsified nitrocellulose emulsion can be obtained. The preparation conditions were optimized by use of orthogonal experiments combined with toler-ance analysis, uniform experiments and regression analysis, respectively. And the products were character-ized by using FT IR, TEM, particle size analyzer and Zeta potentiometer. Results showed that the major chemical structure of the nitrocellulose still remains in the obtained waterbased macromolecule. The relevant emulsion has good stability, uniform particle distribution, and rapid touch dry time (approx,20 min).The emulsion has been applied on the cigarette package and it was believed that such emulsion are potentially ap-plicable in the waterbased NC coatings.
KeyWords:self-emulsified;nitrocellulose;emulsion;coatings
硝化棉是工业上的习惯叫法，实为纤维素的硝酸酯，也称硝化纤维、硝化纤维素]。硝化棉是硝基涂料的主要成膜物质，硝基涂料具有干燥速率快、硬度高、可打鹿、易修补、适合大规模施工等优势，至今仍在美式家具涂装、汽车修补、文具等领域广泛应用2]。我国是世界上硝化棉产量和消费量最大的国家，硝基涂料的地位较为重要。但是硝基涂料是一种传统的溶剂型涂料，其VOC含量达到700/L甚至更高，使用中
【基全项目】西京学院内科研基金资助项目（编号：10B02。
对环境造成了严重污染。随着世界各国环保法规越来越严格，传统的溶剂型硝基涂料面临被限制基至禁止使用的境地。
如何在保持硝基涂料固有优势的基础上降低其VOC含量以满足环保法规的要求是目前该领域内的研究热点。将传统的溶剂分散型硝化棉通过化学改性成为水分散型硝化棉进而制备成水性硝基涂料，就可以大大降低乃至消除产品的 VOC。并且水性硝基涂料使用时对现有涂装工艺改变不大，
作者简介：马素德（1976一），男，工学博士，主要从事功能高分子材料和环保涂料方面的研究。 10