油田注水井口流量计在线检定候方勇1.2李直1
吴伟烽1建志芳1张墨
第36卷第3期（2017.03）电气自控
摘要：注水驱油技术是油田中后期的重要采油手段。注水量是表征油并动态变化和评价油层生产特性的重要参数，固此，对并口流量计进行定期检定保证其准确性具有重要意义。流量计检定实验的检定是一项成熟技术，但需要到现场拆、装流量计。这种检定方式工作量大，且经常因腐蚀后的泄漏问题导致更换新设备。因此，针对在线检定流量计的方法进行了研究，提出了一种闭循环式井口流量计在线检定方法，在配水问过滤器内安装插入式标准流量计，实现该配水间内所有并口流量计的在线检定，并在长庆油因采油厂进行了试验。试验结果表明，采用这种检定方法可实现对并口流量计的在线检定，无需拆卸流量计，
可一次检定多个并联的流量
计，检定准确度高，重复误差在3%以内，
关键词：注水井流量计；在线检定；直接检定法；稳流增压检定法；标准流量计 Doi : 10.3969/j.issn.10066896.2017.3.016
Online Calibration for Wellhead Flow Meters of Water Flooding Wells in Oilfields Hou Fangyong, Li Zhi, Wu Weifeng, Jian Zhifang, Zhang Zhao
Abstract: Water flooding is an important technology for oil production in the middle and late stage of oil fields. The water injection rate is a key parameter to represent oil well dynamic change and to evelu ate the characteristics of oil layers. Thus it is important to regularly calibrate the flow meter to maintain its precision. Calibration of flow meters in lab is a mature technology, but it needs to disassemble and install flow meters on site. This calibration method costs big workload and leads to frequent replace ment of new equipments because of corrosion and leaking problem.Therefore, online celibration methods for flow meters is studied and the online closed cycle calibration method for wellhead flow me ters is proposed. Then standard flow meters are installed in the filter in the distributing water room , which can realize the online calibration of all wellhead flow meters in the room.
Experiments dre taken
in oil production plants in Changqing Oilfield, and the result shows that the proposed method could realize the online celibration for wellhead flow meters without disassembling flow meters. This method can calibrate many multiple flow meters at one time, with high accuracy and repetitive error within 3%. Key words: flow meters for water flooding wells: online calibration: direct calibration method: steady flow and supercharged calibration method; standard flow meters
目前，我国原油超过80%的产量来自注水开发油田"，世界范围内油田日注水量可以达到数千万立方米，注水是油田采油的重要工艺。油田注水需要用流量控制仪控制注水量，以保证出油质量。单井注水量应当准确，以减少误注，提高注水的有效性3-4。
流量计由于腐蚀、结垢和老化等向题，计量结果会变得不准确，基至失去计量性能，必须定期检定。而随着油田开发的不断发展，污水已成为油田注人水的主要来源-}，恶劣的水质影响了流量计的准确计量。无论是转子式流量计还是涡街式流量计"，注水流程中携带的杂质都会对过流部件造成
“西安财经学院行知学院
西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院
油气田地面工程https/wwwyqtcdmgc.com 万方数据
磨损、腐蚀，在流道形成污垢，甚至堵塞管道，造成流量计计量不准确"，甚至有些新的注水工艺是专门为缓解堵寒问题而开发的。因此、流量计的检定是至关重要的1-12。有学者建议将流量计的检定时间从半年检定一次改为半年检定1.83次"。
传统的检定办法是停注后将配水间的流量计拆卸，运送至检定实验室进行检定，然后返场安装。因注水压力高（20MPa）和腐蚀问题，常发生检定后的流量计因漏水而无法装回的问题。另外，实际注水流程中，总含有油污等杂质，检定实验室中的水质与现场水质差异较大，也会引起检定结果偏离实际的情况，引起检定误差。
53