第36卷第9期（2017.09）试验研究
埋地含蜡原油管道停输后管内原油温度场变化规律研究李玉春
摘要：为准确把握埋地含蜡原油管道停输过程中管内原油温度场的分布和温降规律，建立了合理的管道-土琅-大气环境揭合的物理模型。综合考虑管内原油在停输过程中物理性质随温度的变化，以及析蜡过程中释放的析蜡潜热的影响，数值模拟埋地含蜡原油管道停输后管内原油温度场的分布以及温度变化过程，分析影响原油温降和温度场分布的因素。结采表明，管内原油初始油温越高，到达凝点时问越长，允许停输时间就越长；外界空气环境温度越高，管内原油与其温度差越小，管道散失的热量就越少，温降越缓慢：土境的导热系数越大，热量在土境中的传递速度越快，温降越快，保温效采越差
关键词：原油管道；停输再启动；析蜡潜热；数值模拟；温度场 Doi : 10.3969/j.issn.10066896.2017.09.005
Change Law Research of Crude Oil Temperature Field in the Pipeline after the Buried
Wax-bearing Crude Oil Pipeline Shutdown Li Yuchun
Abstract: In order to accurately grasp the distribution and temperature drop law of the crude oil tem perature field in the pipeline during the shutdown process of the buried waxbearing crude oil pipe line, a reasonable coupling physical model of the pipeline, soil and atmosphere environment is estab lished. The variation of physical properties of the crude oil in pipeline with temperature in the shut down process and the influence of latent heat of wax precipitation during the precipitation process are comprehensively considered. The distributions of temperature field and change law of temperature dur-ing the shutdown process are numerical simulated, and the factors affecting the temperature drop and temperature distribution of crude oil are analyzed. The results show that the higher the initial tempera ture of the crude oil in pipeline is, the longer the time to reach the condensation point is, and the lon ger the time that allows to shutdown is; the higher the outside air environment temperature is, the less the difference of crude oil temperatures and the outside temperature, the less the pipeline heat loss is, and the slower the temperature drop is; the bigger the soil heat conductivity is, the faster the transmis sion speed of heat in the soil is, the faster the temperature drop is, and the poorer the heat preservation effect is.
Key words: crude oil pipeline; shutdown and restart; latent heat of wax precipitation; numerical simulation; temperature field
我国原油大多具有高含蜡、高凝点的特性"，研究含蜡原油管道停输过程管内原油温度场的分布和温降的规律，对保证管道的安全经济运行具有重要的现实意义。
前人已经对含蜡原油管道的停输过程进行了大量研究，建立了埋地热油管道介质停输径向温度场的数学模型内，并考患了土壤的存在对热油管道的
基金论文：国家自然科学基金项目（51534004）。大庆油田工程有限公司
油气田地面工程https/wwwajqtcdmgc.com 万方数据
影响，通过计算得到降温过程中原油的温降规律和影响因素叫。但之前的研究结论大多是在简化条件下得到的，在研究埋地管道时，会忽略外界环境的周期性变化和析蜡凝固潜热的存在。本文将埋地热油管道温度均视为由管道温度、周围土壤和自然条件共同引起的复合温度场，考虑析蜡潜热的影响，对停输过程进行数值模拟。
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