第36卷(2014)第4期性能与排放
柴油机 Diesel Engine
Vol.36(2014) No.4
增压柴油机变海拔增压压力恢复计算研究
李华雷，石磊，邓康耀，邢卫东”，程江华”，祁平
（1.上海交通大学动力机械及工程教育部重点实验室，上海200240；
2.中国北方发动机研究所，山西大同037036）
摘要：基于D6114荣油机仿真模型，计算分析了原机增压器的变海技性能。针对各海拔高度下增压压力的变化趋势，选择不同的匹配点进行了增压系统匹配调整。结果表明：变海拨条件的增压压力变化趋势在高低转速存在差异；通过增压系统匹配调整可以在部分工况实现增压压力恢复；高海拨高转速工况涡轮增压器会发生超速现象；高海拨低转速工况下增压压力得到提高，但未能达到完全恢复的目标。
关键词：柴油机；增压；变海拔；增压压力
中图分类号：TK423.4*3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1001-4357(2014)040009-05
CalculationResearchonBoostPressureRecoveryof Turbocharged Diesel Engines at Variable Altitudes
Li Hualei', Shi Lei', Deng Kangyao', Xing Weidong’, Cheng Jianghua', Qi Ping
(1. Key Laboratory for Power Machinery & Engineering of Ministry of Education,
Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240;
2. China North Engine Research Institude,Shanxi Datong 037036)
Abstract: Based on a simulation model of D6114 diesel engine, the performance of original turbocharger was calculated at different altitudes. According to the variation tendency of boost pressure, the matching adjustment was carried out at different matching points. The research results showed that the variation tendency of boost pressure differed from engine speeds at various altitudes; the boost pressure could be recovered with the matching adjustment of turbocharging system at some operating conditions; the turbo-charger would over-speed at high altitudes and high speeds; the boost pressure could be improved at high
altitudes and low speeds, but the target of boost pressure recovery was not achieved completely. Keywords: diesel engine; turbocharging; variable altitude; boost pressure
0引言
运行在变海拔条件下的涡轮增压柴油机随海拨升高，环境压力和温度降低，空气密度减小，导致柴油机增压压力和空气量相应下降，功率和转矩减小，燃油消耗率增加。海拔越高，增压压力变化幅度越明显，柴油机性能恶化，难以保证其正常运行[1-4]
收稿日期：2014-01-20
基金项目：国防基础科研计划资助项目（B0920110003）。
涡轮增压器的进气自补偿作用可以在一定程度上补偿由高原条件引起的增压压力下降。但传统的增压系统与柴油机匹配主要针对平原或低海拔工况，其自补偿能力不足以满足高海拔和变海拔工况的要求[5-12]。
针对柴油机在变海拔下动力性和经济性恶化的间题，本文开展了变海拔增压压力恢复计算研究，通过恢复各海拔高度和各运行工况的增压压力为增
作者简介：李华雷（1986-），男，博士生，主要研究方向为内燃机增压技术，Email；lihualei@sjtu.educn。