
第39卷(2017)第1期智能化与控制
柴油机 Diesel Engine
Vol.39(2017) No. 1
基于虚拟仪器的柴油机模糊-PID调速控制研究
王东军",袁志国”,费红姿”,李文辉
(1.海军驻大同地区军事代表室,山西大同037036;
2.哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001)
摘要:采用NIPCI6221多功能数据采集卡建立了基于虚拟仪器的柴油机速度控制系统,设计了增量式模糊-PID控制器。针对模糊-PID切换控制中出现的系统响应动态特性和稳定性不佳的问题,对切换控制器进行了优化;采用偏差及偏差变化率作为切换依据及双阔值判断方法,有效改善了系统动态特性,提高了控制器切换稳定性。试验结果表明:优化后的柴油机模糊-PID调速控制
系统在动态特性、稳定性上都取得了更好的控制效果。关键词:柴油机;调速特性;虚拟仪器;模糊-PID控制
中图分类号:TK424.3*1
文章编号:1001-4357(2017)01003404
文献标识码:A
ResearchonDieselEngineFuzzy-PIDSpeedGoverningControl
Based on VirtualInstrument
WangDongjun',YuanZhiguo,FeiHongzi’,LiWenhui(1.NavalDeputy Office of DatongDistrict,Shanxi Datong037036;
2. College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Heilongjiang Harbin 150001) Abstract: Diesel engine speed governing control system based on virtual instrument was established with the use of NI PCI6221 multi function data acquisition card, and the incremental fuzzy-PID controller was designed. In view of the bad system response dynamic characteristics and stability during switching and controlling by fuzzy-PID, the switching controller was optimized. Deviation and deviation rate were taken as the switching reference and dual threshold determining rule, which effectively improved the dynamic performance of the system, as well as the switching stability of the controller. Test results show that the diesel engine fuzzy-PID speed governing system achieves better controlling effect both on dynamic per formance and stability.
Key words: diesel engine; speed goverming characteristic; virtual instrument; fuzzy-PID control
0引言
柴电机组在船舶电站特别是应急电站中的应用占很大比重,柴油机调速性能的好坏对电站电网运行的稳定性至关重要。目前,柴油机电子调速系统大多采用传统的PID控制算法,该算法对被控对象参数的变化比较敏感,难以满足柴油机在不同工况下的调速性能要求[1,2]。而模糊控制不需要精确的
数学模型,具有控制灵活、动态性能好、鲁棒性强等特点,适合于复杂的非线性控制系统[3]。由于模糊控制通常采用误差与误差的变化率作为控制器的输人,本质上相当于非线性PD控制,存在小偏差情况下控制效果不好和稳态控制精度不高的缺点[4]。结合模糊控制和PID控制的优点,采用模糊-PID切换控制实现柴油机调速控制,也即在大偏差时采用模糊控制,在小偏差时采用PID控制,
收稿日期:2016-07-06
作者简介:王东军(1979-),男,工程师,主要研究方向为柴油机制造与检验,E-mail:aipl@163.com,