
第40卷(2018)第3期结构与可靠性
柴油机 Diesel Engine
基于动力学的柴油机连杆疲劳仿真
石磊,张华兵”,徐聪聪,梁刚”
Vol. 40(2018) No. 3
(1.海军驻七一一研究所军事代表室,上海201108;2.七一一研究所,上海201108)
摘要:为评估某大型柴油机连杆的疲劳特性,建立了模态缩减的动力学模型,获得连杆的循环载荷历程,结合以轴瓦高出度过盈的加载方法,模拟了整个工作循环的动态应力变化,随后基于多轴疫劳模型并采用两种等效方法,预测了连杆的疲劳危险位置。结果表明,该连杆的最小安全系数出现在杆身油孔处,满足疲劳要求。针对动态载荷历程,按历程的拐点和极值法真实高效的反映连杆动态疲劳,不仅能反映拉压为主的杆身及油孔的疲劳危险位置,还能体现纵向摆动对大小端孔的疲劳影响,安全系数误差在3%以内。
关键词:连杆;动力学;多轴疲劳;安全系数
中图分类号:TK423.3*2
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1001-4357(2018)03-0021-05
Fatigue Simulationof Diesel EngineConnectingRod Based onDynamics Analysis
Shi Lei'ZhangHuabingXuCongcong,LiangGang(1. Naval Deputy Office of SMDERI, Shanghai 201108 ;
2. Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute, Shanghai 201108)
Abstract: To assess the fatigue properties of connecting rod for large diesel engine, the modal reduction dynamics model was established, and a complete cycle load history was obtained. Combined with the bearing bush interference method, the dynamics stress of the whole working circle was simulated. Based on multi-axial fatigue model, the fatigue risk position was predicted with two equivalent methods. The re-sults show that the minimum fatigue safety factor of the connecting rod appears in the oil hole of rod body and satisfies the fatigue requirement. With regard to dynamics loading course, the method using the in flection point of the loading course and the extreme value can effectively simulate the actual dynamic fa-tigue of the connecting rod, including not only the fatigue risk position at the rod body and oil hole, but also the fatigue influence of longitudinal oscillation on the connecting rod eye at both ends, with the safety factorerrorwithin3%.
Key words: connecting rod; dynamics; multi-axial fatigue; safety factor
0引言
连杆是柴油机的关键部件之一,在高速运动时承受拉伸、压缩和纵向弯曲等复杂交变载荷,连杆结构的疲劳特性直接决定柴油机的可靠性。随着柴油机强化指标不断提高,连杆的疲劳设计必须协调结构尺寸、重量、强度和刚度之间的矛盾,以适应
复杂苛刻的工作条件,因而连杆疲劳特性预测具有重要的实际工程意义。
目前较多采用有限元法预测连杆的疲劳特性[1-3],主要以最大拉伸和压缩状态作为疲劳计算的循环应力水平,随后按高周疲劳方法计算安全系数,但该方法没有考虑连杆作平面运动产生纵向惯性力的影响。少量文献将连杆轴承载荷按函数规
收稿日期:2017-12-25;修回日期:2018-04-10
作者简介:石磊(1982-),男,工程师,主要研究方向为荣油机结构设计分析,sparkle9454@163.com。