第33卷(2011)第5期结构与可靠性
柴油机 Diesel Engint
Vol. 33 (2011) Ne. 5
高速柴油机气阀组件振动监测诊断技术试验研究
段福松"，杨建国"，厉成恩"，贺玉海
（1.武汉理工大学能源与动力工程学院，湖北武汉430063； 2.船舶动力工程技术交通行业重点实验室，湖北武汉430063）
摘要：介绍了利用气缸盖表面振动信号对高速荣油机气阔组件等故障进行的振动蓝测诊断试验研究。分析了引起缸盖振动的激励源特征；对单缸熄火和气阀纽件等故障进行了模拟试验；对不同故障状态的气缸盖表面振动信号进行了测量分析，提取用于故障诊断的特征参数，建立了不同类型及不同程度故障与特征参数间的相互关系。
关键词：振动监测；气阅组件；高速荣油机；故障诊断
中图分类号：TK428
文献标识码：A文章编号：1001=4357(2011)05=0031-05
ExperimentalResearchonVibrationMonitoringandDiagnosis Technology ofValve ComponentsforHigh SpeedDieselEngine
Duan Fusong', Yang Jianguo'-2, Li Cheng'en', He Yuhai'
(1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, HubeiWuhan430063 2. Key Laboratory of Marine Power Engineering & Technology under Ministry of Communications,
HubeiWuhan430063)
Abstract: The experimental research on the vibration monitoring and diagnosis technology of valve com ponents for a high speed diesel engine by using the surface vibration signals on a cylinder head is presen-ted. The excitation characteristices causing the cylinder head vibration were analyzed. And the fault sim-ulation experiments, such as single cylinder misfire and valve component faults, were carried out. The surface vibration signals on the cylinder head with the different fault conditions were measured and ana-lyzed, the characteristic parameters for diagnosing faults were extracted, and the relationships between
the characteristic parameters and the different types and different degrees of faults were established Keywords: vibration monitoring; valve components; high speed diesel engine; fault diagnosis
0引言
柴油机是一种非常重要的往复式动力机械，其气阀机构的工作条件恶劣，气阀头部底面直接与缸内高温燃气接触，承受高温高压气体作用；且气阀落座频繁、冲击力相当大，极易发生故障。其中气阀间隙异常和气阀漏气是气阀机构的常见故障，其后果是破坏燃烧室的密封性，改变气阀定时开关，影响气缸换气质量，导致燃烧恶化，排温升高和功
率下降1]，柴油机整体性能降低。开展气阀机构的监测与诊断对于提高柴油机的安全性和可靠性、减小维修工作量和延长检修周期具有十分重要的意义。
振动分析法是诊断气阀间隙异常和气阀漏气的有效方法之一。本文以WP10-240型柴油机为研究对象，分析引起缸盖振动的激励源特征，对单缸熄火、气阀漏气和进、排气阀间隙进行故障模拟试验，对不同故障状态下的气缸盖表面振动信号进行测量分析，提取用于故障诊断的特征参数，建立不
收稿日期：2011-03-07
基金项目：香港城市大学“基于瞬时转速法的可提供实时专家建议的车载汽车安全系统"纵向项目资助。
作者简介：段福松（1985－），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为案油机监测、诊断与电子控制技术，E-mail：yingji162@163.com