第46卷第1期
石油与天然气化工
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF OIL & GAS
LNG水下泄漏引起快速相变的数值模拟与结果分析
刘鑫鹏韩力马金晶郭开华
中山大学工学院
摘要为了定量预测快速相变的爆炸强度，建立了一种欧拉-欧拉双流体多相流模型与传热模型相互耦合的数值模型,通过对比ClarkeH的快速相变实验数据验证了模型的可靠性和正确性。通过数值计算，得出快速相变在水上水下的动态过程、局部超压情况以及甲烷质量分数在水平方向及坚直方向的分布。结果表明，快速相变本质上是LNG与水之间强制对流、膜态沸腾、爆发沸腾和核态沸腾的快速转换过程：快速相变持续时间极短约1秒；在典型的LNG泄漏情形下，局部超压最大可达97kPa，可造成砖墙倒，严重损伤人的内脏甚至引起死亡：快速相变不仅有超压危害，在下游或下风向区域还可能进一步引起火灾和室息等潜在危害。研究结果可为LNG水上运输安全防护提供理论依据。
关键词液化天然气泄漏快速相变数值模拟超压结果分析
中图分类号：X932
文献标志码：A
D0I:10.3969/j.issn.1007-3426.2016.06.020
Numerical simulation of rapid phase transition caused by LNG
spills into water and results interpretation
LiuXinpeng,HanLi,MaJinjing,GuoKaihua
(Engineering School, Sun Yaf-sen Uniuersity , Guangzhou 510006, China)
Abstract : In order to quantitatively predict the Rapid Phase Transition (RPT ), a two-fluid Euler. Euler multiphase numerical model was established to simulate RPT . A typical Rapid Phase transitions experiment conducted by Clarke H. was modeled and the simulation results greatly matched the experiment results , thus the model was proven to be accurate . By simulating RPT in the open space with the model, the RPT 's dynamic process underwater was reached , as well as local overpressure and the distribution of methane concentration horizontally and vertically . The results showed that RPT is essentially the rapid transformation of forced convection , film boiling , explosive boiling and nucleate boiling between LNG and water . Besides , the duration of RPT was extremely short and last for about a second. The local overpressure can be up to 97 kPa in typical cases , which will cause brick wall collapse , visceral injury and even lead to death . RPT will not only cause overpressure hazards but may also cause fire and asphyxia hazards downwind and downstream . Overall, this study could serve as theoretical foundation for safety protection in waterway transportation of LNG .
Key words: liquefied natural gas, leakage, rapid phase transition, numerical simulation, overpressure,results analysis
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基金项目，广东省教育厅液化天然气与低温技术重点实验室资助项目（39000-3211101）：中山大学-BP液化天然气中心资助项目（99103-9390001）。
作者简众刘鑫鹏（1991一），男，中山大学工学院硕士研究生，主要从事液化天然气安全相关研究工作。E-mail：liusimple2016@163.com方芳数据