第45卷第3期
石油与天然气化工
CHEMICALENGINEERING OFOIL&GAS
半封闭空间LNG泄漏安全性数值模拟研究
韩力刘鑫鹏马金晶郭开华
中山大学工学院
摘要为了定量评价液化天然气(LNG)加注船上“冷箱”内发生泄漏后的风险，利用计算流体力学软件Fluent对"冷箱”在有、无强制通风条件下发生LNC泄漏后扩散和爆燃的过程进行了模拟研究。结果表明，在无强制通风时，“冷箱”内发生连续泄漏后，箱内可燃浓度区域随时间先变大后减小，在泄漏后60s、90s、120s、150s分别点燃时，达到的最大超压依次为29kPa、89kPa、76kPa、70kPa，会对箱体和人员造成严重伤害：在有强制通风时，泄漏后箱内甲烷浓度场在约100$后达到稳定，在泄漏后 60s、90s、120s、150s分别点燃时,达到的最大超压依次为1.8kPa、1.9kPa、3.0kPa、3.1kPa，超压揽害很小，但在爆燃后继续燃烧，会对箱体及内部设备造成高温热辐射损害。计算方法和结果可应用于“冷箱”等半封闭空间泄压防爆的安全设计。
关键词液化天然气泄漏爆燃数值模拟安全
中图分类号：X932
文献标志码：A
D0I10.3969/i.issn.1007-3426.2016.03.020
Numericalsimulationandstudyofthesafetyofasemi-closed
space where liquefied natural gas spilling HanLi,LiuXinpeng,MaJinjing,GuoKaihua
(School of Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen Unirersity , Guangzhou 510006, China)
Abstract : To quantitatively evaluate the risk of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) bunkering vessel with a cold box where LNG spilling , this study simulated the diffusion and deflagrations occurred at different instants after LNG spillage with or without a forced venting by fluid dynamics software Fluent . The simulation results showed that the flammable area increased first and then decreased with time after LNG spilling in the cold box without a forced venting when ignited at 60 s , 90 s , 120 s and 150 s respectively, the maximum overpressures could reach 29 kPa, 89 kPa, 76 kPa and 70 kPa correspondingly , which would cause serious damage to the box and persons . While with a forced venting , the methane concentration field internal cold box became stable soon after spill and the flammable area increased to a constant level . When the gas mixture was ignited at the same time as above, the overpressures were much less than those without a forced venting , as 1.8 kPa, 1.9 kPa, 3 .0 kPa , 3 .1 kPa respectively . And a fire was predicted resulting from the deflagration , which might cause heat radiation damage to the cold box and carried equipment . The method and results of the calculations could be applied in safety design of the cold boxes or other confined spaces to prevent the explosions and fires
Key words : LNG , spill, deflagration , numerical simulation , safety
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基金项目：广东省教育厅液化天然气与低温技术重点实验室资助项目(39000-3211101)：中山大学-BP中心液化天然气中心资助项目（99103-9390001)，
作者简介：韩力（1989一），男，湖北武汉人中山大学工学院在读硕士研究生，主要从事液化天然气安全方面研究工作。E-mail： 82337721(@qq-com