第53卷第12期 2017年6月
机械工程学报
JOURNALOFMECHANICALENGINEERING
DOI:10.3901/JME.2017.12.019
长输油气管道弱磁应力内检测技术闵希华1杨理践2王国庆2饶心1刘斌2(1.中国石油天然气股份有限公司西部管道分公司乌鲁木齐
830000：
2.沈阳工业大学信息科学与工程学院沈阳110870）
Vol.53No.12
Jun.
2017
摘要：应力集中是导致油气管道发生破坏的重要原因，它的存在给管道的安全运行带来风险。针对油气管道的应力在线检测及风险评价，提出弱磁应力内检测技术。对弱磁信号产生的原因进行分析，利用基于第一性原理的材料仿真软件对铁磁材料在受力过程中的弱磁效应进行计算。提出管道差异运行压力下二次弱磁内检测法，给出油气管道应力集中程度的评价方法。自主研发高精度弱磁应力内检测装置并在实际管道中进行应用，实现长输管道应力集中的在线内检测及风险评价。利用各种检测手段对检测结果进行现场验证。结果表明：弱磁信号的产生与应力及其损伤状态直接相关。应力作用根本上导致原子磁矩变化，宏观表现为弱磁信号随应力的变化而变化。管道差异运行压力二次弱磁内检测可以准确评价管道应力集中风险程度工程实际应用及开挖验证表明了管道弱磁应力内检测技术的可行性及有效性。
关键词：油气管道：弱磁：应力内检测：风险评价中图分类号：TH701
Weak Magnetism Stress Internal Testing Technology of
theLongDistanceOil-gasPipeline
MINXihua'YANGLijian2WANGGuoqingRAOXin'LIUBin(1.WesternPipelineBranchCompany,PetroChina CompanyLimited, Urumqi830000;
2. School of Information Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870)
Abstract: Stress concentration is the key factor which induces the damage of oil-gas pipeline. It brings the risk to the safety of pipeline, Point at online stress testing and risk evaluation, weak magnetism stress internal testing technology is put forward. The reason for formation of weak magnetic signal is analyzed. The weak magnetic effect of ferromagnetic material under different stress is simulated by simulation software which is based on first principle. Twice weak magnetism stress internal testing method under different run pressures is put forward. Risk evaluation method of oil-gas pipeline stress concentration is provided. Highly sensitive weak magnetism stress intermal testing equipment which is independently researched and developed is applied in actual pipeline. Online internal testing and risk evaluation of the long distance pipeline are achieved. The testing result is validated through different testing method. The results show that the formation of weak magnetic signal is related to stress and stress damage. Stress induces atomic magnetic moment change. Weak magnetic signal change with stress macroscopically. Twice weak magnetism stress internal testing method under different run pressures can accurately evaluate stress concentration risk level of pipeline, Actual engineering
application and excavation testing results indicate that weak magnetism stress internal testing technology is feasible and effective Key words: oil-gas pipeline; weak magnetism; stress intemal testing: risk evaluation
点，已成为能源运输的主要方式。世界上近100%
前言 0
管道运输具有高效率、低成本及安全可靠等优
*科技部国家重大仪表专项(2012YQ090175)、国家自然科学基金(61571308)和辽宁省教育厅科学研究(L2016009)资助项目。20161205
收到初稿，20170220收到修改稿万方数据
的天然气、85%以上的原油运输是通过管道输送实现的，我国现有在役石油天然气管道十几万公里，遍布全国二十多个省市和渤海、黄海、南海等广大海域"。并且，随着国家对石油及天然气等能源产品需求量的迅速增加和国家战略储备的需要，长距离油气输送管道的建设仍在加速发展。由于管道具