中国康复医学杂志，2005年，第20卷，第6期
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine,_Jun. 2005,Vol. 20, No.6
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.临床研究·
早期干预对早产儿智能发育的影响
林娜娜！
目的：研究家庭早期干预对早产儿智能的影响，方法：将60例早产儿随机分为干预组(30例)和常规育儿组
摘要
(30例),设正常对照组(30例)。干预组从纠正孕龄40周开始在家庭接受经医生指导的早期训练，以后每月定期回医院接受视、听、运动发育、体格发育的监测和评估，并根据评估结果指导家长进行干预，在纠正年龄1岁时对3组婴儿作智力测定。结果：干预组精神发育指数比常规育儿组平均高10分(P<0.05)，达正常对照组水平(P>0.05)。而常规育儿组智力发育指数比正常对照组低8分(P<0.05。常规育儿组智力低下5例(16.7%），干预组仅1例智力低下。结论：由家庭施行的早期干预可以促进早产儿智能发育，有利于防治其智力低下。
关键调婴儿；早产；早期干预；家庭；智能中图分类号：R742.3,R49
文献标识码：A文章编号：1001-1242(2005)-06-0433-03
Early intervention effect on the premature infants intelligence development/LIN Nana/Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine,2005,20(6):433—435
Abstract Objective:To study the family early intervention effect on the premature infants intelligence development. Method:60 premature infants were divided into two groupstintervention group(30cases) and routine group(30 cases).A control group of 30 normal infants was adopted. From the 40th week of correet pregnant time, the infants of inter vention group were acepted the early training by family member guided by the doctor, and came back to hospital once a month, for the evaluation of the vision, hearing.movement and physical development. The further intervention was accomplished based on the evaluation.All the 3 group of infants were accepted CDCC when they were 1 year old of correct pregnant time.Result:The Mental Development Index(MDI)of the intervenion group was 10 points high-er than that of the routine group (P<0.05), and approach to the level of the control group (P>0.05). Otherwise,the MDI of routine group was 8 points less than that of the control group (P<0.05). There were 5 cases with lowintelli-gence in the routine group(16.7%)eontrast to just 1 case in the intervenion group.Conclusion:The early family inter vention is effective to promote the premature infants intelligence development and prevent the happeness of the lowintelligence.
Author's address Dept. of Pediatrics Health Care Hospital for Women and Children of Guangxi Zhuang Au-tonomous Region,Nanning,530003
Key wordsinfant:premature:early intervention:family:intelligence
早产儿是智力障碍的高发人群。国内统计资料表明，早产儿发生率约为活产婴儿的5%一10%，死亡率为12.7%一20.8%。约8%的早产儿虽能存活，但留有智力障碍或神经系统的后遗症。因此，对早产儿进行早期干预以促进神经系统的发育提高智商十分重要。作者自2002年开始对在本院住院的早产
儿进行家庭早期干预研究，现报告如下。 1对象和方法
1对象 1.1
研究对象为本院NICU病房住院的早产儿（共 60例），胎龄27.7一36.9周，随机分为干预组和常规育儿组，干预组和常规育儿组各30例，干预组中19 例有新生儿并发症，常规育儿组有18例，主要并发症为肺透明膜病、频发呼吸暂停、感染、出生室息、脑
室内出血、严重贫血、严重低钠血症、低血糖等。同期正常新生儿30例为对照组（常规育儿方式）。基本情况见表1一5。早产儿干预组和常规育儿组母亲年龄、妊娠并发症和分娩方式无明显差异(表1)。两组小儿孕龄、出生体重、新生儿并发症、住院天数、喂养方式、1岁时血红蛋白均无显著差异（表2、3)。早产
表1
两组早产儿母亲年龄、妊娠并发症和分娩方式比较
组别干预组常规育儿组 X值或：值 P值
例数 30 30
母年龄(岁)
(x±s)
并发症
例数
19
28.17±4.34
28.63±4.93 0.389 >0.05
18
% 63.3 009
0.071 >0.05
分娩方式(例) 顺产副宫产其他
19 02
10 8 0.581 >0.05
广西社族自治区妇幼保健院新生儿科，南宁市.530003
作者简介：林娜娜，女，副主任医师收稿目期：2005-01-11
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