联集柔集 2017年2月
现代地质 GEOSCIENCE
宁夏清水河上游浅层地下水咸化作用研究
王雨山，李成，孟莹，程旭学
Vol. 31 No.1
Feb.2017
（1.中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心，河北保定071051；2.吉林大学环境与资源学院，吉林长春130021）
摘要：认识干旱区地下威水的形成机制对水资源管理和规划具有重要意义。在宁夏清水河平原上游采集52组浅层地下水化学样品和8组易溶盐样品，分析了地下水成化的水文地球化学作用，利用元素质量平衡法计算了各作用对地下水盐分的贡献比率。结果表明：沿径流方向，地下水咸化程度呈增加趋势。威化作用主要为岩石风化，并具空间分异，在补给区以碳酸盐风化为主，在强径流区硫酸盐风化占优，在弱径流区硫酸盐和岩盐风化共同提供了68%~93%的盐量。随着地下水TDS增加，蒸发岩贡献比率上升，碳酸盐和硅酸盐贡献比率下降。蒸发岩风化是导致浅层地下水威化的首要因素。
关键词：地下水威化；岩石风化；蒸发岩；质量平衡；宁夏清水河
中图分类号：P641
文献标志码：A
文章编号：10008527(2017)01019109
Study on the Salinization Mechanism of Shallow Groundwater along
the Upstream QingshuiRiverinNingxia WANG Yushan', LI Shu', MENG Ying", CHENG Xuxue
(1. Center for Hydrogeology and Emtironmental Geology Suney, China Geological Suney, Baoding, Hebei071051, China;
2. College of Entironment and Resource, Jilin Unitersity, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China)
Abstract: Research on salinization mechanism of groundwater in arid areas is of great significance for water re-sources management., Fifty-two groundwater samples and eight rock samples were taken from the upstream Qing shui river plain in Ningxia. Hydrogeochemical processes controlling groundwater salinization were studied and their contribution ratios to salinity were calculated using element mass balance method. The results show that the salinization extent increased along groundwater flow path. The salinization processes mainly depended on rock weathering and had a spatial variation. Carbonate weathering played a dominant role in recharge area and sulfate weathering in strong runoff area. In slow runoff area, 68 93 percents of total salt were supplied by sulfate and halite weathering. The contribution ratios of evaporite increased with groundwater TDS, while carbonate and sili-
cate had an opposite trend, which indicated that evaporite weathering controlled groundwater salinization. Key words: groundwater salinization; rock weathering; evaporite; mass balance; Qingshui river in Ningxia
0引言
水的威化[2-5]。研究地下水咸化作用和盐分来源，对合理规划、管理和利用地下水资源具有重要
地下水威化普遍存在于干旱和半干旱区"]，意义。
表现为地下水中溶解物质的富集，给水资源的开
清水河平原位于宁夏回族自治区固原市，地
发利用带来很大不便。溶滤、蒸发浓缩、深层卤
下水是生活和农业的主要水源，但苦威水遍布。
水补给、污水回灌和海水人侵等都可以引起地下
前人对该地区地下咸水成因进行了较多研究，李
收稿日期：2015-0925；改回日期：2016-01-25；责任编辑：或开静。
（0）（882091）国
作者简介：王雨山，男，工程师，硕士研究生，1984年出生，地下水科学与工程专业，主要从事同位素水文地球化学研究。
Email;cug_wys@ sina.com。