2016.No.3
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.10047328.2016.03.013
海河水利
·37 ·
近30年来清水河上游西沟降水径流变化及原因分析
张克阳，陈沫宇
（河北省张家口水文水资源测局，河北
075000）
张家口
摘要：现阶投气候变化以及剧烈的人类活动，导致降需一径流形成机理及规律发生了变化。合理分析降雨-径流变化规律及其影响因素，是水文学以及生态环境学中重要的研究领城。以西沟流成为例，采用统计学方法，在上下游历史洪水的对比分析和年际降雨、径流变化曲线趋势分析的基础上，建立降水一径流双累积曲线以及单次降雨一径流相关图，定量分析降两一径流的变化规律，进而分析总结出其形响因素。研究结果表明，西沟流城降两望年际波动变化，径流呈现逆步减少的趋势，2000年为径流突变年份，这是由于降水、地下水资源开发利用、水利
工程以及其他人为活动因素其同作用影响造成的。关键词：西沟流域；降雨；径流；降雨-径流变化
中图分类号：TV11;P33
文献标识码：A
文章编号：10047328(2016)03-0037-04
Analysis on the Change and Reasons for the Change of Rainfall-runoff in XigouBasin in the
UpstreamofQingshuiRiverinthePastThreeDecades
ZHANG Ke-yang, CHEN Mo-yu
(Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau of Zhangjiakou,Hebei Prowince,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)
Abstract: At the present stage, climatic change and frequent human activities have caused the change of formation mecha-nism and rules of rainfallrunoff. It is a significant research field of hydrology and ecological environment study to reason ably analyze the changing patterm of rainfallrunoff and influential factors, This research takes Xigou Basin as an example, adopting statistical method,based on contrastive analysis of the previous bloods in upstream and downstream and of the vari-ation tendency of yearly rainfallrunoff, and creates a double mass curve of rainfallrunoff and single rainfallrunoff corre-logram. It conducts a quantitative analysis on the changing pattem of rainfallrunoff and further concludes the influential factors. The results indicate that the rainfall of Xigou Basin has annual fluctuation and there is a tendency of gradual de crease in runoff. In 2000 the runoff changed suddenly, which is caused by rainfall, development of groundwater resources, hydraulic engineering and other human activities.
Key words: Xigou Basin; rainfall; runoff;change of rainfallrunoff
近年来，永定河上游官厅水库入库流量呈逐年递减趋势，致使官厅水库水量减少。为改善官厅水库面临的水资源紧张现状，海委每年都要组织上游各大水库向官厅水库调水。张家口地处官厅水库上游，是其主要的供水城市，随着张家口市经济的不断
收稿日期：2016—04—25
作者简介：张克阳(1970)，男，高级工程师，主要从事水文水资源
研究工作。
万方数据
发展，该市水资源也处于十分紧张的状况，市区的主河道清水河也逐渐干。为了改善张家口市区及清水河的生态环境，张家口市政府加大城市改造力度投入大量资金对清水河进行河道改造，共修建橡胶坝33道，蓄水水量将达到300多万m。如今的清水河已建设成为市区的景观河，成为张家口城市规划建设的主线。在对清水河改造的过程中不仅要重视其生态效应，同时也不能忽略河流上游的发源地"。