第37卷第6期 2016年12月
文章编号：1001-3873(2016)06-0631-06
新疆石油地质
XINJIANGPETROLEUM GEOLOGY DOI:10.7657/XJPG20160602
Vol.37,No.6 Dee.2016
准噶尔盆地阜康西区块西山窑组构造-水文地质控气特征
李升1.2葛燕燕1.2.杨雪松23，李鑫4.傅雪海4
（1.新疆大学地质与矿业工程学院，乌鲁木齐830046;2.新疆煤层气工程技术研究中心，乌鲁木齐830046;3.新疆科林思德新能源
有限责任公司，乌鲁木齐830046;4.中国矿业大学煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室，江苏徐州221000）摘要：为查明准噶尔金地阜康西区块中保罗统西山窑组煤层控气地质作用，依据区域性水文地质边界池钢逆断层，将区块划分为2个构造单元，依据甲烷风化带、水文地质条件划分出煤层气富集单元。在对研究区构造特征和水文地质特征进行分析的基上，探讨了构造-水文地质耦合控气机制。研究结果表明，阜康西区块西山窑组煤层气富集是构造-水文地质楞合作用的结果，构造运动使煤层发生动力变质作用与深成变质作用，有助于热成因气生成；燕山运动晚期与喜马拉雅运动期水平挤压运动产生的封闭性褶皱和造冲断层有助于煤层气保存，燕山运动早期构造拾升不利于原生生物成因煤层气保存；地下水侧向补给至高矿化度港留区，煤层气因水力封堵作用而富集。面中一浅部西山密组煤层埋深小于600m的斜坡带则由于构造拾升、较强的季节性径流和蒸发，导致煤层气逸散，同时气候干旱导致的高矿化度地层水抑制次生生物成因气生成，煤层气含量相对较低。
关键词：准噶尔盆地；阜康西区块；中保罗统；西山密组；煤层气；构造-水文地质控气作用：含气量
中图分类号：TE112.23
文献标识码：A
Gas-Controlling Characteristics of Structural and Hydrogeological Factors inXishanyao
Formation of Western Fukang Block, Junggar Basin LI Sheng2, GE Yanyan2, YANG Xuesong, LI Xin', FU Xuehai
(1.School of Geology and Mining Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China; 2.Xinjiang Research Center of Coalbed Methane Engineering and Technology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China; 3.Cleanseed Energy Limited Liability Company, Urumqi Xinjiang 830046, China; 4.MOE Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resources and Reservoir-Forming, China University of Mining &
Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221000, China)
Abstract: In order to understand the geological gas-controlling functions in the coalbeds of the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao formation in westerm Fukang block, Junggar basin, the block is divided into 2 structural units according to the regional hydrogeological boundary--Chi-gang reverse fault and CBM-rich units are classified based on methane weathering zone and hydrogeological conditions, Based on the analy sis of structural and hydrogeological features, the paper discusses the coupled structural-hydrogeological gas-controlling mechanism. The study results show that the enrichment of CBM in the Xishanyao formation of westerm Fukang block should be the product of the coupled functions of structure and hydrogeology conditions. Tectonic movements resulted in dynamic metamorphism and plutonic metamorphism in coalbeds, which are helpful for the generation of thermogenic gas; the sealed folds and thrust faults resulted from horizontal compression in the late Yanshan movement and Himalayan movement contributed to CBM preservation, whereas the tectonic uplift in the early Yanshan movement was not eonductive to primary biogenic gas preservation; CBM accumulation by hydraulic seal occurred due to the lateral charg ing of groundwater into the stagnation areas with high salinity. CBM losses in the coalbeds with the burial depth lower than 600 m in the middle-upper Xishanyao formation were caused by tectonic uplif, relatively strong seasonal runoff and evaporation. Meanwhile, high-salini-ty formation water due to arid climate restrained the generation of secondary biogenic gas, resulting in the low content of CBM.
Keywords: Junggar basin; westem Fukang block; Middle Jurassic; Xishanyao fomation; coalbed methane; structural-hydrological gas-
controlling function; gas content
新疆煤层气预测资源量为9.5×10m，约占中国煤层气预测总量的25%"，主要分布在准噶尔盆地、吐哈盆地、塔里木盆地和天山山间系列盆地中，是目前中国煤层气开发的热点地区和后备基地。阜康西区块位于准噶尔盆地东南缘，天山东段北麓，煤层具“多
收稿日期：2016-06-18
修订日期：2016-09-09
层叠置”、“急倾斜”、“巨厚”、“低强度“的特殊地质特征；含煤地层主要为下侏罗统八道湾组及中侏罗统西山窑组，八道湾组煤层与西山窑组煤层主要为低变质烟煤（长焰煤和气煤，研究区内煤层最大镜质体反射率为0.77%)。阜康西区块含煤层数多，煤层单层厚度大，
基金项目：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划青年教师科研启动基金(XJEDU2013S05)；新疆维吾尔自治区青年自然科学基金
(2015211C281)；国家科技重大专项（ZX201605043）
作者简介：李升（1980-），男，新疆库尔勒人，副教授，博士，煤层气勘探开发，（Tel)18699071866（E=mail)lisheng2997@163.com 万方数据