第37卷第6期 2016年12月
文章编号：10013873(2016)060625-06
新疆石油地质
XINJIANG PETROLEUM GEOLOGY DOI:10.7657/XJPG20160601
浅水三角洲沉积特征及其油气勘探意义
以渤海湾盆地霸县凹陷岔河集构造带沙一上亚段为例
吕传炳2，程同冉"，张峰？纪友亮"，梁官忠”，李彦国”
（1.中国石油大学地球科学学院油气资源与探测国家重点实验室，北京102249：
2.中国石油华北油田分公司开发部，河北任丘062552）
Vol.37,No.6 Dee.2016
摘要：浅水三角洲油气藏是激海湾盆地冀中陷霸县凹陷岔河集构造带沙河街组沙一上亚段最主要的油气藏类型。通过对岩石学特征、沉积构造特征、粒度特征、古生物等资料的分析，对浅水三角洲沉积特征和沉积相展布进行了系统研究，总结出浅水三角洲的沉积模式，并且闻述了浅水三角洲有利的成藏条件。通过研究发现，研究区沙一上亚段浅水三角洲分支河道微相发育，河口坝微相基本不发育，广泛发育大面积的席状砂微相；湖平面的周期性变化造成多期砂泥岩互层，是砂体展布特征的主要控制因素。浅水三角洲的沉积特征决定了浅水三角洲相具有优良的储盖
组合，断层作用于砂体形成了多种类型的圈图闭。岔河集构造带沙一上亚段具有良好的油气成藏条件。关键词：游海湾金地；霸县凹陷；岔河集构造带；沙河街组；浅水三角洲相；沉积特征；沉积模式
中图分类号：TE112.42
文献标识码：A
Depositional Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Exploration Significance of Shallow-Water Deltas:ACase Study of Upper Sha-1Member in Chaheji Structural Beltof Baxian Sag,
Bohai BayBasin
LYU Chuanbing",CHENG Tongran',ZHANG FengJI Youliang,LIANG Guanzhong”,LIYanguo”(1.State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China; 2.Development Department, Huabei Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Renqiu, Hebei 062552, China)
Abstract: Reservoirs of shallow-water delta facies are the dominant oil and gas reservoirs in the upper Sha-1 member of Shahejie formation in Chaheji structural belt of Baxian sag in Jizhong depression, Bohai Bay basin, Based on the analyses of petrological feature, sedimentary structural characteristics, grain sizes and fossils, the paper studies the sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary facies distribution of shallowwater delta systematically, summarizes the depositional model of shallow-water delta and describes the favorable accumulation con ditions of shallow-water delta. The study results show that in the upper Sha-1 member, the distributary channel of shallow-water delta is well developed, river mouth bar does not occur and large-area sheet sands are extensively distributed. The cyclic variations of lake level re-sult in sandstone interbedded with mud at multi-stages, which is the main controlling factor of sand body distribution. The sedimentary characteristics of shallow-water delta could determine that in this facies there exist pretty good reservoir-caprock assemblages and various traps are then formed due to faulting to sandbodies. The upper Sha-1 member in Chaheji structural belt has good oil and gas accumulation conditions.
Keywords: Bohai Bay basin; Baxian sag; Chaheji structural belt; Shahejie formation; shallow-water delta facies; sedimentary characteristic;
depositional model
浅水三角洲的概念是由Fisk在研究密西西比河三角洲时提出，Donaldon在研究美国石炭纪陆表海时进一步丰富-2],文献[3]将低能盆地中的三角洲分为浅水三角洲和深水三角洲。国内学者对浅水三角洲也进行了大量的研究，认为浅水三角洲是指由河流注人浅水卸载而形成的沉积体，不存在Gilbert型三角洲模式的顶积层、前积层和底积层的三层结构。浅水三角洲具有不同手正常三角洲的特点：河流进积作用
收稿日期：2016-04-02
修订日期：2016-08-15
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（41672098）
强，分支河道发育，河口坝不甚发育，广泛发育大面积席状砂，垂向层序不完整等15-1。
岔河集构造带渐新统沙河街组沙一上亚段可作为浅水三角洲油气藏的典型代表。然而前人研究认为，沙一上亚段以曲流河沉积为主，不能形成良好的储盖组合，这一认识束缚了油气滚动勘探的进程。因此，笔者对沙一上亚段岩性特征资料深化分析，总结了浅水三角洲沉积和沉积相展布特征，阐述了浅水三角洲
作者简介：吕传炳(1964-），男，河南方城人，高级工程师，油田开发，（Tel)18511790834(Email)pjb_lcb@petrochina.com.cn 万方数据