2014年5月上第43卷第9期
DOI:10. 7672/sgjs2014090095
施工技术
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
室内墙壁用差动抹灰机研究
冯爱华1，范春起2
（1.石家庄理工职业学院，河北石家庄050000；2.河北科技大学机械工程学院，河北石家庄050018）[摘要】设计了一种旨在能够成功代替手工抹灰的墙壁抹灰机，分析了该机器的结构特点与工作原理，抹灰机由灰浆输送机构、差动抹灰机构、摆动导轨机构、灰厚控制装置、万向支撑小车和高度调整机构组成，其中差动抹灰机构以经过变异的差动轮系为基础，将甩灰叶轮、摊灰辑和抹灰板分别固接在小中心轮、系杆轮和大中心轮上，灰浆输送机构的螺旋滚筒通接差动抹灰机构小中心轮的空腔，甩灰叶轮将来自螺旋滚筒并经过小中心轮的灰浆甩于附近墙面，由摊灰辊摊平，由抹灰板压实抹平，较好地模拟了人工抹灰的动作，摆动导轨机构是为了使机器适应地面对墙壁的垂直度误差，灰厚控制装置用以调节墙壁抹灰厚度，万向支撑小车的锁定与解锁可以使抹灰机移动操作更为灵活和可靠。
【关键词］建筑机械；增壁抹灰机；差动机构；设计
［中图分类号］TU65
【文献标识码］A
[文章编号】1002-8498(2014)09-0095-04
ResearchonDifferentialPlasteringMachineforIndoorWall
Feng Aihua',Fan Chunqi?
(1. Shijiazhuang Institute of Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, Chind;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei Unirersity of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China) Abstract: A kind of wall plastering machine replacing manual work is designed. Its structural characteristics and working principle is analyzed. This machine is made up of a mortar transport mechanism, differential plastering mechanism, swing guide rail mechanism, a mortar thickness controlling device,a universal support pushcart and adjusting height mechanism.The differential plastering mechanism is based on changed differential gear train, then flick mortar impeller, spread mortar roller and rendering trowel is fixed on the small centre gear, tie rod wheel and big centre gear respectively. The spiral cylinder of the mortar transport mechanism is installed in cavity of the small centre gear of the differential plastering mechanism. The mortar came from the spiral cylinder and pass the cavity of the small centre gear, then the mortar is flick to nearby wall by the flick mortar impeller, spread out by the spread mortar roller, compacting and floating by the rendering trowel. Manual plastering action is simulated bitterly. The swing guide rail mechanism is used to adjust to error of perpendicular degree of ground surface to wall. The mortar thickness controlling device is used to regulate the mortar thickness. Moving operation of plastering machine is more agile and reliable by means of lock and unlock of the universal support pushcart.
Key words : construction equipment; wall plastering machine; differential mechanism; desigr
墙壁抹灰是建筑施工中占用人力和工期最多的工作之一，人们长时间以来都在致力于墙壁抹灰的机械化以缩短施工工期和降低人工费用，至今已经出现了200多项专利，但这些专利真正实施的并不多，人们根据其中一些专利所试制的抹灰设
【作者简介］冯爱华，工程师，E-mail：fah0113@163.com[收稿日期］2013-08-20
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备，普遍存在用人多、掉灰多，操作笨重，换位移幅困难，抹灰工作难以连续进行，而且由于墙面对地面的垂直度误差，这些抹灰机所抹出的墙面灰浆厚薄不均，挂灰困难，同时，由于这些抹灰机很难像人工抹灰那样依据墙面不平度来决定抹灰量的大小并加以压实，灰浆与墙壁普遍结合不牢[到，很难被用户接受，极大地限制了其样机的产品化和相应技术的推广，如何较好地模拟人工抹灰工作过程的