植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(1)：179-184 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
不同砧木对嫁接西瓜经济产量及叶片矿质营养
含量的影响
孙胜，田永生，冷丹丹，李先得，袁世连，邢国明
（山西农业大学园艺学院，山西太谷030801)
摘要：以西农八号西瓜为接穗，金瓜、中国南瓜、胡芦为砧木，研究了不同砧木对嫁接苗成活率、经济产量及各个处理生长发育期内叶片中9种营养元素含量变化的影响。结果表明，以荫芦为砧木的嫁接苗成活率最高，达到 91.8%，极显著高于另外两种砧木嫁接苗的成活率；同时，该组合产量也极显著高于对照及其他两个嫁接组合。三种砧木显著提高了生殖生长期接穗叶片中N、K、Ca、Mg的含量，其中萄芦砧木还显著提高了叶片中Cu、Zn、Mn的含量。金瓜-西农八号组合(Q-X)营养生长期叶片N、Zn含量，生殖生长期叶片中Cu、Mn的含量显著低于对照；中国南瓜-西农八号组合(R-X)营养生长期Cu、Zn含量，生殖生长期Mn的含量显著低于对照。相关分析显示，西瓜叶片中不同矿质元素含量间的相关性随生育阶段而异。试验结果表明，胡芦砧木能显著提高接穗叶片中矿质营养含
量，是组合胡芦-西农八号(G-X)增产的主要原因之一。关键调：西瓜；嫁接：站木；成活率；产量：矿质营养
中图分类号：S651；S616
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2010)01-017906
Effects of different kinds of rootstocks on economic yields and mineralnutritioncontentsof leavesofgraftedwatermelonseedlings
SUN Sheng, TIAN Yong-sheng, LENG Dan-dan, LI Xian-de, YUAN Shi-lian, XINC Guo-ming
(College of Horticultwre, Shanzi Agricultural Unitersity, Taigu 030801, China)
Abstract: Effects of different rootstocks on grafting survival rates, economic yields and changing trends of 9 nutrient ele-ment contents of leaves of grafted watermelon seedlings were studied by using Xinong NO.8(X) watermelon seedlings as the scion, and C. maxima Duch(Q), Cucurbita moschata Duch(R) and Lagenaria siceraia(G) as the rootstocks. The results show that grafting survival rate and yield of G-X are significantly higher than those of R-X and Q-X, respectively. The contents of N, K, Ca and Mg of grafted watermelon leaves are remarkably enhanced by these rootstocks, especially at the reproductive growth stage. In addition, Lagenaria siceraia rootstock could cause a significant increase of Cu, Zn and Mn contents of grafted watermelon leaves compared with watermelon seedlings . At the vegetative growth stage N and Zn contents of Q-X,and Cu and Zn contents of R-X are significantly lower than those of the control, while Cu, Mn con-lents of Q-X, and Mn content of R-X are lower at the reproductive growth stage. Correlation analysis indicates that the correlations between the 9 element contents vary with different growth stages. These results show that the reason for the
highest yields of the G-X is that the nutrient element contents of leaves are remarkably enhanced. Key words: watermelon; grafting; rootstock; survival rate; yield; mineral nutrition
西瓜（CitrullustulgarisSchrad.），是葫芦科一年生蔓性草本植物，2000年中国种植面积就已突破 130万公项[]。连作障碍，枯萎病大面积发生，已成
收稿日期：2008-10-31
接受日期：20090528
为制约我国西瓜高产高效优质裁培的主要因子。研究表明，嫁接栽培是防治西瓜枯萎病发生最有效的途径之一[2]。钱伟[3]、顿宝祥[4]认为，西瓜嫁接成活
基金项目：山西省教育厅科技资助项目(2006002)；山西农业大学青年科技创新基金项目(2004088)资助。
000（1
·通讯作者E-mail：xingpm@sam.edu.cn
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