植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(1)：65-70 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
氮素营养水平对大豆氮素积累及产量的影响
董守坤，龚振平”，祖伟（东北农业大学农学院，黑龙江哈尔滨150030）
摘要：以"东农47"为试材，采用"N标记的（NH),SO，作为氮源，利用砂培方式研究了氮索营养水平对大豆氮素积累及产量的影响。结果表明，随外源氮水平增加，大豆植株氮素积累量和产量呈先增加后降低的变化趋势，当营养液氮浓度为50mg/L时，植株氮索积累量和子粒产量最大。在R和R,期补充氮肥的供给明显增加植株对氮的积
累，并能显著提高大豆产量。大豆生长需要一定量的"启动氮
“启动氮“的作用维持到V，期对大豆氯的积累和产
量形成效果最好。随外源氮水平增加，大豆吸收外源氮的比例增加，根瘤固氮所占比例降低，外源氮和根瘤固氮积累量随外源氮水平增加呈先增加后降低的变化趋势。当鼠浓度为100mg/L时，有利于植株对外源氮的吸收，当氮浓度为50mg/L时，有利于根瘤固氮的积累，“启动鼠"的作用维持到V，期根瘤固氮的积累明显增加；在R和R期
补充外源氮的供给可以显著增加对外源氮利用，以B，期效果最好。关键词：大豆；氮素；外源氮；根瘤固氮；产量
中图分类号：S565.1.062
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2010)010065-06
Effects of nitrogen nutrition levels on N-accumulation and yields of soybean
DONG Shou-kun, CONG Zhen-ping * , ZU Wei
(College of Agronomy, Northeast Agriculrural Uniersity, Harbin，Heilongjiang 150030, China）
Abstract: Labeled i5N ammonium sulfate was used as nitrogen source to study the effects of nitrogen nutrition levels on soybean (cultivar Dongnong 47) N-accumulation and yields using the sand culture. The results show that the crop N-ac-cumulation and yields are increased earlier and decreased later as the exogenous-N levels are gradually increased, and the crop N-accumulation and yield are the highest when the nitrogen concentration is 50 mg/L. Applying N fertilizer during the Ry and Rs periods could increase the erop N-accumulation and yield significantly. Soybean growth and development needs "startup-N", and the best effect of the "startup-N"” on the soybean N-accumulation is until the Vg period. Propor-tion of soybean absorption of exogenous-N is increased when enhancing the application level of the exogenous-N, while proportion of nodulation-N is decreased, The accumulation of the exogenous-N and accumulation of nodulation-N are in-creased earlier, and decreased later, The accumulation of exogenous-N is the main source when the nitrogen concentration is 100 mg/L, while the accumulation of nodulation-N is the main source when the nitrogen concentration is 50 mg/L. The accumulation of exogenous-N and accumulation of nodulation-N are increased apparently when continuously using"startup-N"” until the V, period, The exogenous-N absorption is increased apparently when high level of exogenous-N is applied during the Ry and Rs periods.
Key words: soybean; nitrogen; exogenous-N; nodulation-N; yield
氮素是植物体内蛋白质、核酸、叶绿素和一些激索等的重要组成部分，是限制作物生长和产量形成的首要因素"-3]。大豆自身积累高浓度的蛋白质，根瘤固氮对结实器官营养作用非常明显[4]。但是要
收稿日期：2009-01-15
接受日期：2009-05-19
维持其正常生长靠根瘤固氮仅能满足大豆需氮的 50%左右[5-7]，所以必须给以足够的氮肥(8-10)。近几年的研究结果表明，施用氮肥可以促进植株生长，提高大豆产量(11-12)]。大豆的氮素来源于两个方面，一
基金项目：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD21B01)；鼠龙江省科技攻关课题（GA06B101)）；大豆生物学省部兴建教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项
日(SB08B06)；东北农业大学博士启动基金资助。
作者简介：董守坤（1978一），男，博士，助理研究员，主要从事作物生理及保护性耕作研究。E-mail；donpahockun@yaboo.com.cn
覆讯作者E-mil：:gpyx2004@163.com
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