2016年8月上第45卷第15期
DOI:10.7672/sgjs2016150069
施工技术
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
混凝土结构铝合金模板施工过程模拟分析
苏浩，寇广辉，主险峰，黄托瑞?，主卫仑2，龙武剑
（1．中建三局第一建设工程有限责任公司，湖北武汉430040；2.深圳大学广东省滨海
土木工程耐久性重点实验室，广东深圳518060）
【摘要】对北京浦项中心主体工程部分楼段铝合金模板施工过程进行了有限元模拟，分析了铝合金模板早拆体系对施工结果的影响。该施工过程按拆模及支撑的施工顺序分为4个阶段。主要研究了在拆除顶撑以外的底模和完全拆除支撑之后，上部荷载施加于混凝土结构时对构件的影响。针对2d和3d龄期拆除模板以及施工荷载的有无进行了对比分析；研究了铝合金模板早拆对支撑体系立杆间距的要求，并对1.3m及1.5m支撑间距进行了对比分析。结果表明，优化支撑点的布置方式，能够有效减轻早拆体系中混凝土楼板的开裂程度。施工过程中支撑间
距宜≤1.3m且不宜过早拆模板并应尽量减少和优化分布施工荷载。【关键词］模板；铝合金模板；有限元分析；混凝土；裂缝；支撑
【中图分类号】TU755.2
【文献标识码］A
[文章编号】1002-8498（201615-0069-05
Construction Simulation ofReinforced ConcreteStructure with
AluminumAlloyFormwork
Su Hao',Kou Guanghui',Wang Xianfeng",Huang Tuorui?,Wang Weilun',Long Wujian(1. The First Construction Engineering Limited Company of China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Co., Ld., Wuhan, Hubei430040, China; 2. Guangdong Prouincial Key Laboratory of Durabiliy Jor Marine Civil Engineering,
Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China)
Abstract:In this paper, the construction process of Beijing POSCO Center, in which aluminum alloy formwork system was used, was investigated using a finite element software package. Four construction phases are considered based on the timing of removal of the top formworks and the supports. The results show that, when the upper loads are applied to the reinforced concrete structures after removal of the top formworks and supports, the concrete structure should be affected much. Comparative analysis was conducted between 2 and 3 days of early removal of formworks, and presence and absence of the construction load. The requirements of support span are also investigated for the aluminum alloy formwork. Comparative analysis is made for 1. 3m and 1. 5m spacing. The results show that optimization of support position and layout can effectively reduce cracking in concrete slab due to early removal of formwork.Support spacing should be no more than 1.3 meters.
Key words : formwork ;aluminum alloy formwork ; finite element analysis; concrete; cracks; supports
铝合金模板系统是住房和城乡建设部推广的节能、环保产品。铝合金模板系统具有模板安装、拆模施工方便，平整度、垂直度、混凝土成型基本可达到清水模板混凝土效果。相对于传统作业的胶合模板，铝合金模板具有可重复利用、环保、利于施工等特点。而拆模是建筑施工中的重要环节，它的施工质量直接影响到施工主体的耐久性、安全性。
[作者简介】苏浩，经理，工程师，E-mail;suh@escee.com【收稿日期］2015-10-24
69
为了加快模板周转、降低施工成本、提高施工进度，模板的早拆施工技术受到许多学者的关注(1-2]。模板的早拆时间既关系到经济效益，又影响着工程质量。便捷、准确地确定拆模时间是混凝土工程施工控制的主要环节之一。
影响模板早拆施工质量的另一个因素是模板材质，铝合金模板是近年新兴的模板施工技术，文献[3-5]分析了铝合金模板的技术特点、工艺原理。针对不同工程项目制定工艺及施工中应注意的相关事项，对铝合金模板和传统木模板进行综合分析